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Assessment of Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality as Monitoring of Environmental Conditions in Shallow Groundwater and Kinokawa River, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan Palupi, Endah Kinarya; Yongthong, Keodouangdy; Trinugraha, Afi Candra
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol 3, No 2 (2024): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v3i2.481

Abstract

Shallow groundwater and river water problems in each country are caused by various factors such as natural factors such as natural disasters, human activity factors such as waste pollution, and others. In this study, we analysed the hydrochemical characteristics of river water to determine the water quality of shallow groundwater and Kinokawa river in Wakayama region of Japan. Shallow groundwater and river water samples were taken along the Kinokawa river at a total of 86 points. The water samples were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In this case, we investigated physicochemical parameters such as total dissolved solids which mainly depend on the concentration of major ions such as Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, Li, HCO3, NO3 and SO4 which are used to characterise river water quality. The results of this study show that the calculated values of SAR, PI, Na%, MH and RSC indicate good groundwater use for irrigation purposes. Comparison of geochemical data showed that more than 75% SAR, 94% PI, 80% %Na, and 97% MH indicated a good environmental condition category and the river water can be used for irrigation purposes. The water quality information presented in this paper will be useful for sustainable management of water resources in the study area.
Sustainable Bioethanol Production from Carica (Carica pubescens) Peel Waste: Optimization of Acid Hydrolysis and Fermentation Time Ubaidilah, Sofana; Irfan, Akhmad; Sunaryo, Sunaryo; Yongthong, Keodouangdy; Sampurno, Rizky Mulya; Radhitya, Berwyn Dzaky
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol 4, No 2 (2025): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v4i2.771

Abstract

The global energy crisis and continued reliance on fossil fuels have intensified the search for sustainable alternative energy sources, particularly biomass-derived biofuels. One promising yet underutilized resource is the peel waste of Carica pubescens, a papaya variety indigenous to the Dieng Plateau. This study investigates the potential of Carica peel waste as a bioethanol feedstock through sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) hydrolysis and fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To optimize sugar yield, the concentration of H₂SO₄ was varied between 0.1 M and 0.8 M, while fermentation durations were set at 96, 120, 144, and 168 hours. Results indicated that hydrolysis with 0.8 M H₂SO₄ produced the highest sugar concentration (6.8%). The most effective fermentation period was 120 hours, yielding 64% bioethanol with a density of 0.8679 g/mL, a calorific value of 4,831 kcal/kg, a flame height of 14.6 cm, and a combustion temperature of 438°C. These findings demonstrate the viability of Carica peel waste as a valuable raw material for bioethanol production. Its high efficiency and favorable fuel properties highlight its potential for integration into local renewable energy initiatives, contributing to sustainable energy development. Further studies on large-scale implementation and process optimization are recommended to maximize its industrial application.