Putra, I Gede Ari Permana
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FAKTOR INTRINSIK DAN EKSTRINSIK TERKAIT RISIKO JATUH PADA LANSIA: LITERATUR REVIEW Anulus, Ayu; Putra, I Gede Ari Permana; Diarti, Maruni Wiwin; Jiwintarum, Yunan; Widianto, Aris; Atmojo, Joko Tri
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia Timur (East Indonesian Nursing Journal) Vol 4 No 2 (2024): Juli - Desember 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Poltekkes Kemenkes Maluku

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32695/jkit.v4i2.615

Abstract

Abstrak Lanjut usia (lansia) diketahui sering mengalami masalah kesehatan terutama risiko jatuh. Masalah ini dapat memperparah kondisi pasien sehingga perlu diketahui apa saja faktor yang berpotensi dalam risiko jatuh pada lansia. Penelitian literatur review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik yang mempengaruhi risiko jatuh pada lansia melalui sintesis dari artikel penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 database (Google scholar, ProQuest, dan PubMed. Sejumlah 18.366 artikel didapatkan dengan penggunaan kata kunci “elderly” AND “fall” AND “intrinsic factors” AND “extrinsic factors”. Hasil analisis dari sintesis 6 artikel menunjukkan bahwa risiko jatuh pada lansia dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Faktor intrinsik mencakup kondisi fisik, psikologis, dan kognitif, seperti usia lanjut, gangguan keseimbangan, gangguan kognitif, serta penyakit kronis, gangguan penglihatan, kelemahan otot, riwayat jatuh sebelumnya, dan inkontinensia urin. Faktor ekstrinsik yang dominan meliputi lingkungan fisik yang tidak aman, penggunaan alat bantu jalan yang tidak tepat, polifarmasi, serta kurangnya fasilitas keamanan di rumah atau fasilitas kesehatan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pencegahan jatuh pada lansia memerlukan perhatian terhadap kondisi tubuh, lingkungan, serta dukungan sosial yang memadai untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih aman bagi lansia. Kata Kunci: faktor, intrinsik, ekstrinsik, jatuh, lansia Abstract Elderly are known to often experience health problems, especially the risk of falling. This problem can worsen the patient's condition so it is necessary to know what factors have the potential to cause the risk of falling in the elderly. This literature review study aims to analyze the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the risk of falling in the elderly through a synthesis of previous research articles. This study used 3 databases (Google scholar, ProQuest, and PubMed. A total of 18,366 articles were obtained using the keywords "elderly" AND "fall" AND "intrinsic factors" AND "extrinsic factors". The results of the analysis of the synthesis of 6 articles showed that the risk of falling in the elderly is influenced by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors include physical, psychological, and cognitive conditions, such as advanced age, balance disorders, cognitive disorders, and chronic diseases, visual impairment, muscle weakness, history of previous falls, and urinary incontinence. The dominant extrinsic factors include an unsafe physical environment, inappropriate use of walking aids, polypharmacy, and lack of security facilities at home or in health facilities. These findings confirm that preventing falls in the elderly requires attention to physical conditions, the environment, and adequate social support to create a safer environment for the elderly Keywords: factors, intrinsic, extrinsic, falls, elderly
The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Rehabilitation Outcomes among Geriatric Populations: A Systematic Review Putra, I Gede Ari Permana; Verra, Verra
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.4.895

Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common issue in older adults and may significantly affect rehabilitation outcomes. Understanding the extent of its impact on medical rehabilitation is crucial for optimizing patient care and tailoring interventions for geriatric populations. Subjects and Method: This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches were performed using Google Scholar and PubMed to identify studies that examined the relationship between cognitive impairment and medical rehabilitation outcomes in the elderly. No restrictions were applied regarding publication dates or geographic regions, but only studies published in English were included. Out of 123 studies initially identified, 13 met the inclusion criteria, and 11 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results: The analysis revealed that cognitive impairment negatively influenced rehabilitation outcomes in older adults. Patients with higher Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores demonstrated better functional recovery and greater improvements in rehabilitation. In contrast, those with significant cognitive impairment experienced reduced gains, highlighting a clear association between cognitive status and rehabilitation success. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment poses a substantial barrier to optimal rehabilitation outcomes among geriatric patients. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating cognitive assessment into rehabilitation planning and providing tailored interventions that address cognitive deficits. Enhancing rehabilitation strategies for individuals with cognitive impairment may improve functional recovery and overall quality of life in older populations.