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All Journal International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum
Syamsidik
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

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Building Distribution and Spatial Constraints from Perspectives of Tsunami Inundation at a Small Island Context: A Study Case of Sabang-Aceh, 20 Years after the 2004 Aceh Tsunami Syamsidik; Armaya, Hayyan Ghifarry; Suppasri, Anawat; Aulia, Fahmi; Dadek, Teuku Ahmad; Sufirmansyah; Reza, Muhammad Ichwan; Khalis, Muhammad Iqbal
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 11 No. 3 (September 2025)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18868

Abstract

In the aftermath of the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the Indonesian government implemented disaster mitigation measures through improved spatial planning, particularly in settlement areas. These efforts focused on reconstruction and sustainable development strategies to enhance safety while aligning with national and regional regulations. Sabang City, located in a tsunami-prone region, was also affected by the 2004 tsunami, necessitating further evaluation of its building resilience and spatial planning. This study aims to assess the spatial distribution of buildings in Sabang City to evaluate their suitability in tsunami-prone areas and their potential for residential development. A field survey was conducted between February and June 2023, identifying and classifying 14,104 building units based on the HAZUS methodology developed by FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency, USA). The buildings were categorized into six structural types: Reinforced Concrete (C1-La, C1-Lb, C1-M), Concrete Frame with Unreinforced Masonry (C3-L), Steel Frame (S1-M), and Wood Frame (W1-L). Spatial analysis examined settlement patterns in relation to land capability and disaster mitigation requirements. Findings reveal significant constraints in land development for residential purposes, particularly in tsunami-prone and low-capability areas. Of the total surveyed buildings, 6,726 units (47.7%) are located in low-capability zones, primarily influenced by the dominance of protected forests and buffer zones that restrict land availability. Moreover, Sabang’s rugged topography, characterized by steep slopes and hilly terrain, exacerbates land development challenges. These findings underscore the urgent need for strategic interventions, including relocating settlements from high-risk tsunami zones, updating spatial planning policies, and integrating tsunami risk assessments into urban development strategies. Strengthening these measures will enhance urban resilience and promote sustainable growth in Sabang City.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE HAZARD POTENTIAL FOR DISASTER MITIGATION-BASED SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE CITY OF SABANG Razali Amna; Syamsidik; Muksin
International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): DECEMBER
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijset.v2i1.133

Abstract

The geology and topography of Sabang City has the characteristics of areas that have the potential for landslides. This study analyzes the potential for landslide hazard to spatial planning as a disaster mitigation effort. Identification of potential landslide hazards using a geographic information system (GIS), based on the assessment and weighting of the factors that cause and trigger landslides. The results of the analysis of the level of landslide hazard potential are prepared by a landslide hazard map based on the influence of each parameter that causes landslides. The results of the analysis show that the area with a high landslide hazard potential of 8.98% or 1,114.60 Ha in Suka Jaya District. The area of ​​moderate landslide hazard potential is 85.73% or 10,639.88 Ha covering Suka Jaya and Suka Karya Districts. The results of a comparison of high landslide hazard potential with spatial patterns show that high landslide hazard potential is found in spatial patterns of dense settlements of 23%. Mixed plantation area 13%, protected forest 12%, tourist area 12%, residential area 11%, industrial area 7%. The results of the research are expected to be taken into consideration in the spatial planning of Sabang City, to apply the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works Number 22/PRT/M/2007 concerning Guidelines for Spatial Planning for Landslide Disaster Areas in Areas with High potential for landslide hazard. industrial area 7%. The results of the research are expected to be taken into consideration in the spatial planning of Sabang City, to apply the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works Number 22/PRT/M/2007 concerning Guidelines for Spatial Planning for Landslide Disaster Areas in Areas with High potential for landslide hazard. industrial area 7%. The results of the research are expected to be taken into consideration in the spatial planning of Sabang City, to apply the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works Number 22/PRT/M/2007 concerning Guidelines for Spatial Planning for Landslide Disaster Areas in Areas with High potential for landslide hazard.
Co-Authors Armaya, Hayyan Ghifarry Aulia, Fahmi Dadek, Teuku Ahmad Khalis, Muhammad Iqbal Muksin Razali Amna Reza, Muhammad Ichwan Sufirmansyah Suppasri, Anawat