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All Journal Industrika : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies
Nugroho, Tito Dwi
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Analisis Pengoptimalan Cycle Time Distribusi Semen: Perbandingan Satu dan Dua Kompresor di PT. X Nugroho, Tito Dwi; Waluyo, Minto
Industrika : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Industrika: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tulang Bawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37090/indstrk.v9i3.2104

Abstract

Distribution efficiency in the cement industry is a key factor that influences the sustainability of operations and company competitiveness. One critical aspect is managing distribution cycle time, which involves the process of loading cement from the factory to the ship. This research was conducted at PT. X to analyze cycle time optimization in cement distribution using discrete simulation methods. This research is the importance of reducing cycle time to avoid delivery delays which can result in fines (demurrage) and operational losses. The simulation results show that using one compressor requires an average of 108 minutes per trip, so that to complete 5 trips per trailer it takes a total of around 11.3 hours. While this duration still allows for the delivery target of 1,800 tons in 12 hours to be achieved, this approach leaves little room to overcome potential operational obstacles, such as technical glitches or delays, thereby increasing the risk of late fines. As a solution, the addition of one compressor has been proven to reduce loading time to 54 minutes per trip, reducing the total time for 5 trips to only 6.8 hours, providing significant efficiency and increasing operational reliability. This research concludes that adding a compressor can significantly reduce the risk of delays, increase efficiency and support the sustainability of company operations. Keywords : Cycle Time, Distribution, Discrete Simulation, Loading
Independent Production of Regular Portland Cement Assessed by Simulation and Net Present Value: Produksi Mandiri Semen Portland Biasa dievaluasi melalui simulasi dan Nilai Sekarang Bersih (NPV) Nugroho, Tito Dwi; Iriani, Iriani
Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijins.v26i4.1603

Abstract

General background: Ensuring supply continuity and efficiency in cement distribution is a critical challenge for manufacturing companies. Specific background: PT. S faces a strategic decision between producing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in-house or purchasing from external suppliers. Knowledge gap: Previous studies often assess make-or-buy decisions in general terms but rarely integrate operational simulations with financial feasibility for cement distribution. Aims: This study evaluates the comparative feasibility of in-house OPC production versus external purchasing by analyzing demand forecasting, production capacity, distribution performance, and economic outcomes. Results: Using Discrete-Event Simulation (DES), the study finds that a two-day pre-production strategy meets demand of 1,803 tons with a trailer cycle time of 89.9 minutes and effective loading duration of 7 hours and 35 minutes. Net Present Value (NPV) analysis reveals that the in-house option yields Rp2.16 billion, outperforming the buy option’s negative Rp3.18 billion. Novelty: The integration of DES with NPV offers a robust framework for linking operational efficiency and financial viability in cement supply chain decisions. Implications: The findings indicate that in-house production is the more feasible option, providing higher financial returns, reducing supplier dependency, and strengthening operational resilience. Highlights: In-house OPC production outperforms external purchasing financially. DES + NPV integration provides a novel decision-making framework. Strategy strengthens supply continuity and operational resilience. Keywords: Make or Buy, OPC Cement, Discrete Event Simulation, Distribution Strategy, NPV Analysis
Co-Authors Iriani Iriani Minto Waluyo