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All Journal Palito: Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social
Apriwan
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Bergabungnya International Organization for Migration (IOM) Menjadi Agen Migrasi Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB) Juliani Az Zahra; Apriwan; Setyaka, Virtuous
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

After World War II, Europe was plagued by problems due to population density and the high flow of migrant mobility entering Europe. This phenomenon encouraged countries to form an organization to manage the movement of people and logistics in the European region known as the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Despite being established with a limited, temporary mandate, and outside the UN framework, IOM managed to grow, proving its expertise and role in various global migration events to become one of the leading actors in global migration. However, in 2016, IOM decided to form a more formal bond of cooperation by signing the 2016 Agreement which also marked the incorporation of IOM into the UN, making IOM a "UN Migration Agency". This research explains the reasons for IOM's incorporation into the UN system. This research uses qualitative methods and uses data from secondary sources. The researcher used Principal-Agent Theory which relies on the relationship of delegation of duties and authority. This research emphasizes that IOM's joining was driven by IOM's interest in obtaining resources, such as funding, recognition, expansion of influence, and certain privileges and immunities, to achieve goals in accordance with its global strategy. Keywords: Migration Governance, International Organization for Migration, United Nations
Keputusan Indonesia Mengeluarkan Kebijakan Pelarangan Ekspor Bijih Nikel pada Tahun 2019 Janwal Almuthazim; Apriwan; Cory, Silvi
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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In 2019, through the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation Number 11/2019, the Indonesian government officially issued a policy to ban the export of nickel ore. The policy received negative reactions from both domestic and international actors, as it was considered disadvantageous to Indonesia's interests and contrary to international trade rules in the World Trade Organization (WTO). This study examines whether the nickel ore export ban policy implemented by the Indonesian government is rational. out this, Graham T. Allison's Rational Actor Model theory is used, which consists of four stages, namely, determining goals and objectives, determining alternative policy options, determining the consequences of each policy option and the last is a rational choice. This research is categorized as qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach, utilizing secondary data. Based on the results of the analysis, it is found that the nickel ore export ban policy issued in 2019 is not a rational choice because when viewed from the political, environmental, and economic aspects of the policy it produces more losses for Indonesia than benefits. The benefits gained are more likely to be enjoyed by multinational companies (MNCs) from China that have long invested in Indonesia. Keywords: Nickel Ore Export Ban Policy, Indonesia, China, Rational Actor Model, Multinational Corporation
Faktor-Faktor Pendorong Polandia Menentang The European Green Deal Tahun 2019-2023 Fitri, Nela Elfita; Apriwan; Diah Anggraini Austin
Palito Vol. 4 No. 01 (2025): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

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In 2019, the European Commission established an ambitious policy initiative regarding environmental change issues called the European Green Deal. The aim of this policy is to achieve zero emissions by 2050 and make Europe as the first climate neutral continent by that year. All member states had to adopt the goals, and Poland was the only member state opposes that policy. This research aims to explain the factors driving Poland's opposition to the European Green Deal in 2019-2023. These driving factors will be explained using the theory of Foreign Policy Decision Making by William D. Coplin. Coplin explained that a country's decisions can be influenced by several determinant factors, namely the international context, domestic politics, and economic and military stability. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis research type. This research found that Poland's decision to oppose The European Green Deal was caused by Poland's energy and economic security, international dynamics and euroskepticism, as well as Poland’s domestic political instability.
Sekuritisasi Isu Separatisme Oleh India Sebagai Justifikasi Pencabutan Otonomi Kashmir Syahputra Daulay, Harry Prananda; Apriwan; Virtuous Setyaka
Palito Vol. 2 No. 01 (2023): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.2.01.56-66.2023

Abstract

This study examines the securitisation of Kashmir's separatism by the Indian government. This study argues that the government of India's securitisation effort seems like an initial step to revoke Kashmir's special autonomy. This study employed a securitisation framework, emphasising how two main stages of securitisation shape and influence the securitising process, including raising the issue and convincing the audience. I used a qualitative method by using descriptive analysis and secondary data sources. The Finding highlights that in the staging of raising the issue, the Indian government used media and political parties as speech act arena. In convincing the audience, Indian political elites and Indian society become other domains in addressing Kashmir's separatism. Consequently, this thesis argues that revoking Kashmir's autonomy becomes a rational action and has acceptability in public discourse. Keywords: India, Narendra Modi, Securitization, Separatism.
Co-Authors Cory, Silvi Diah Anggraini Austin Fitri, Nela Elfita Janwal Almuthazim Juliani Az Zahra Syahputra Daulay, Harry Prananda Virtuous Setyaka