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LC-HRMS Identification and In Silico Anti-Elastase Analysis of Cynometra cauliflora Leaf Bioactive Fractions Nur Auli, Winni; Purba, Otniel Prima Saputra; Khoirunisa, Afifah; Saputro, Anjar Hermadi; Nasution, Syahrizal
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 14, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cna.v14.n2.72779

Abstract

The development of natural cosmetic raw materials as anti-aging agents is one area of research that receives significant attention. Secondary metabolites and extracts from plants have been widely studied and found to possess anti-aging activity. Previous research yielded results showing very strong antioxidant activity of the extract and fractions of namnam leaves. This study aims to analyze the metabolite from the strongest fraction from antioxidant activity and analyze the interaction of flavonoid metabolites with elastase enzymes in silico. Metabolite analysis was performed using LC-HRMS. The molecular docking study was conducted on protein code 5A09 using Autodock Tools 1.4.7. The skin sensitization toxicity study was carried out using the pKCSM website. Ethyl acetate fraction identified 340 metabolites with secondary metabolites constituted the largest proportion of the total area (yield) (75,72%). Molecular docking of 62 flavonoids identified via LC-HRMS revealed that most compounds possess significant binding affinity toward the elastase enzyme. Meanwhile, dihydrocordoin showed the most potent interaction with a binding energy of -8.45 kcal/mol, demonstrating superior stability compared to the reference inhibitor, elastatinal (-5.01 kcal/mol). Compounds dihydrocordoin, 5-(5,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, and nobiletin demonstrate potent anti-elastase activity by forming stable interactions and hydrogen bonds with key catalytic triad residues (His-57, Asp-102, and Ser-195), consistently outperforming the reference inhibitor elastatinal. Toxicity test results indicated that none of the identified metabolites possess potential skin sensitization effects.