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All Journal CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics
Masbakhah, Afidatul
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Mathematics

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Heart Disease Classification Using Random Forest and Fox Algorithm as Hyperparameter Tuning Masbakhah, Afidatul; Sa'adah, Umu; Muslikh, Mohamad
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 7 No 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v7i4.932

Abstract

Heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, making early and accurate diagnosis crucial for reducing mortality and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic approaches often suffer from subjectivity, delay, and high costs. Therefore, an effective and automated classification system is necessary to assist medical professionals in making more accurate and timely decisions. This study aims to develop a heart disease classification model using Random Forest, optimized through the FOX algorithm for hyperparameter tuning, to improve predictive performance and reliability. The main contribution of this research lies in the integration of the FOX metaheuristic optimization algorithm with the RF classifier. FOX, inspired by fox hunting behavior, balances exploration and exploitation in searching for the optimal hyperparameters. The proposed RF-FOX model is evaluated on the UCI Heart Disease dataset consisting of 303 instances and 13 features. Several preprocessing steps were conducted, including label encoding, outlier removal, missing value imputation, normalization, and class balancing using SMOTE-NC. FOX was used to optimize six RF hyperparameters across a defined search space. The experimental results demonstrate that the RF-FOX model achieved superior performance compared to standard RF and other hybrid optimization methods. With a training accuracy of 100% and testing accuracy of 97.83%, the model also attained precision (97.83%), recall (97.88%), and F1-score (97.89%). It significantly outperformed RF-GS, RF-RS, RF-PSO, RF-BA, and RF-FA models in all evaluation metrics. In conclusion, the RF-FOX model proves highly effective for heart disease classification, providing enhanced accuracy, reduced misclassification, and clinical applicability. This approach not only optimizes classifier performance but also supports medical decision-making with interpretable and reliable outcomes. Future work may involve validating the model on more diverse datasets to further ensure its generalizability and robustness.
Hybrid Methods Random Forest and FOX-Inspired Optimization Algorithm for Selecting Features in Cervical Cancer Data Masbakhah, Afidatul; Sa'adah, Umu; Muslikh, Mohamad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 9, No 2 (2024): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ca.v9i2.29582

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the number four causes of death among women worldwide, with about 604,000 new cases and 324,000 deaths each year. Human Papillomavirus infection is one of the main factors in almost 99% of cervical cancer cases. In addition to HPV, other risk factors such as smoking, long-term use of oral contraceptives, and weak immunity also play an important role. Along with the development of technology and in an effort to detect cervical cancer early, machine learning algorithms have been widely used to analyze the risk of cervical cancer, one of which is Random Forest (RF). One of the main challenges in early detection of cervical cancer is the large amount of irrelevant and redundant data, which can reduce the accuracy of predictions, making feature selection imperative. SI is able to combine new algorithms to improve performance in feature selection. One of the SI-based optimization algorithms is the FOX-Inspired Optimization Algorithm. The results of research that has been carried out using the RF-FOX hybrid method, the Num of pregnancies feature has proven to be the most influential factor in detecting the risk of cervical cancer in patients. In addition, other features such as First sexual intercourse, Number of sexual partners, age, and Hormonal Contraceptives also occupy the top five most influential features. Therefore, the hybrid RF-FOX method allows the performance of the model to be more optimized, thus helping in the identification of patients at risk of cervical cancer more precisely.
Co-Authors Mohamad Muslikh Sa'adah, Umu