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Equity in Healthcare Referrals: Navigating Legal Rights and Digital Frontiers for Fair Access Abdurrahman, Muhammad Naufal; Indriani, Sifa; Nurlita, Eka; Mehrunisa, Ourelova Hilyatul; Harahap, Syaharani Putri; Islami, Tiara Audyna; Suryanto, Riezky Alfaryzy; Azizah, Maylatul; Mumtazah, Kayyisah Iffat
Health Frontiers: Multidisciplinary Journal for Health Professionals Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Health Frontiers
Publisher : Tarqabin Nusantara Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62255/mjhp.v3i1.196

Abstract

This systematic literature review investigates the legal, ethical, and practical challenges surrounding patients’ right to fair referral services, analyzing 180 peer-reviewed studies, case laws, and policy documents (2010–2023) through the PRISMA framework. While international instruments like the UDHR and ICESCR mandate equitable healthcare access, national implementations vary, with marginalized groups (e.g., Roma communities, refugees) facing systemic delays and discrimination. Case precedents such as Montgomery v Lanarkshire (2015) reinforce transparency and informed consent, yet gaps in provider awareness (35% in Poland) and patient literacy (22% in Macedonia) persist. Digital tools like AI-driven referral platforms offer efficiency but demand compliance with privacy laws (e.g., GDPR). The study highlights structural barriers—resource constraints, racial bias, and weak enforcement—and advocates for legislative reforms, anti-discrimination training, and secure digital solutions. Recommendations include standardized protocols, ombudsman oversight, and public reporting of outcomes. Future research must address equity in low-resource settings and evaluate long-term impacts of technology on referral fairness. This review underscores the urgent need to harmonize legal rights, institutional accountability, and innovation to ensure referrals uphold justice and non-discrimination
The collaborative research and education system on poultry and eggs (CRESCOVA) to achieve balanced nutrition and prevent stunting Ro’is, Rachmy Rosyida; Nuryalestri, Deviany Hanadia; Putri, Naifa Inggit Kheisya; Indriani, Sifa
Public Health Risk Assesment Journal Vol. 3 No. 2: January (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/phraj.v3i2.2026.2455

Abstract

Background: Stunting remains one of Indonesia’s most critical public-health challenges, affecting child growth, cognitive development, and long-term human-capital productivity. Despite national efforts to accelerate stunting reduction, gaps persist in dietary diversity, nutrition literacy, and integration between health and agricultural sectors. Poultry and eggs—nutrient-dense, affordable, and widely acceptable—represent a strategic yet underutilized entry point for improving child nutrition. This study aims to synthesize interdisciplinary evidence and develop the CRESCOVA (Collaborative Research and Education System on Poultry and Eggs) framework as an innovative model that integrates nutrition education, small-scale poultry practices, and community empowerment to support Indonesia’s stunting-reduction agenda. Method: This research employed a qualitative descriptive literature-review design. A systematic search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, Google Scholar, FAO, WHO, UNICEF, World Bank, Kemenkes, and BKKBN repositories (2019–2025), supplemented with foundational meta-analyses. A total of 52 eligible sources were analyzed using narrative thematic synthesis, covering nutrition-sensitive agriculture, animal-source foods, community-based education, and cross-sector collaboration. Extracted themes were integrated to construct the CRESCOVA conceptual model and validated against national policies and global development frameworks. Finding: Results show consistent evidence that egg and poultry consumption significantly improves linear growth and dietary adequacy among children, while participatory nutrition education enhances caregiver behavior. Cross-sector interventions linking health, education, and agriculture demonstrate greater impact than fragmented programs. Based on these findings, the CRESCOVA model offers a scalable, context-appropriate framework that strengthens household capacity, promotes women’s empowerment, and aligns with SDG 2 and SDG 3 to improve food security and child nutrition outcomes. Conclusion: CRESCOVA provides a practical strategy to operationalize multisectoral stunting-reduction efforts through integrated education and poultry-based learning. Further field implementation and evaluation are recommended to assess feasibility across Indonesia’s diverse regions. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study introduces the CRESCOVA framework as a novel socio-technical intervention that specifically bridges the gap between nutrition-sensitive agriculture and public health education in the Indonesian context.