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All Journal JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization
Othman, Muhammad Fakri
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Computer Science & IT

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Systematic Literature Review of Gender Bias within Video Games Character Design Ibrahim, Najwa Sabirah; Senan, Norhalina; Othman, Muhammad Fakri; Azmi, Shahdatunnaim; Erianda, Aldo; Gusman, Taufik
JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Vol 9, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society of Visual Informatics

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62527/joiv.9.4.3297

Abstract

Gender bias in video games refers to the unequal treatment and discrimination that players experience based on gender, which is often normalized within the gaming community. Gender bias is widespread in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games, where it can take many different forms. Common examples include assumptions made about players' abilities, character design in games, and the roles given to characters according to gender. This situation has created an unwelcoming environment, especially for female players, leading to feelings of exclusion. This study conducts a systematic literature review to examine gender bias in MOBA games, explicitly focusing on character representation, hypersexualized character models, and gameplay mechanics. By analyzing data from peer-reviewed articles, theses, and research papers, the study highlights the recurring patterns of bias and identifies gaps in current approaches. Although prior studies have explored the elements that contribute to gender bias, few studies have offered practical solutions to mitigate this bias. However, there is still a lack of research proposing a practical game design framework that integrates strategies to reduce this bias. In conclusion, efforts to address gender bias are not only significant in terms of design ethics, but also a good strategy in expanding the game's audience. This study identifies possible solutions that might help future research and be developed into a conceptual framework model that developers can understand to create a more inclusive, fair, and profitable gaming environment in the long term.
A Framework of Forensic Analysis and Visualization: Using WhatsApp Chat Data as a Case Study Pirzada, Shahnaz; Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayah; Cahyani, Niken Dwi Wahyu; Othman, Muhammad Fakri
JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Vol 8, No 3-2 (2024): IT for Global Goals: Building a Sustainable Tomorrow
Publisher : Society of Visual Informatics

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62527/joiv.8.3-2.2868

Abstract

Digital forensic analysis involves studying and analyzing acquired evidence artifacts using methodical approaches. However, unstructured data could be time-consuming and difficult in the forensic examination phase. Automation in digital forensic processes has recently been seen as a potential solution to improve analysis processes. Therefore, we propose a forensic analysis and visualization framework via exploratory data analysis (EDA) using WhatsApp chat datasets as a case study. Univariate and multivariate EDA visualization models were applied to the datasets. The framework's utility was demonstrated through forensic analysis simulation scenarios: linkage (interaction) and attribution (who was responsible). origination (evaluation of source), and sequencing (timeline). It was conducted in a controlled experiment environment using Python scripting. The aim is to test the extent to which EDA visualization models can visualize complete and accurate artifacts based on the scenarios. Our evidence-based findings demonstrated the suitability of specific univariate and multivariate in visualizing complete and accurate data. The framework was able to visualize key metadata such as incoming and outgoing chats, sender identification, communication timeline, and shared media. The findings suggested that the EDA approach aligns with forensic analysis, as it helps describe investigative clues by analyzing data patterns. Additionally, an expert review was conducted, in which the experts confirmed the adequacy of the simulation scenarios and the usefulness of the forensic visualization. Furthermore, the results of this study could aid in presenting evidence in a court of law.
Co-Authors Aldo Erianda, Aldo Azmi, Shahdatunnaim Gusman, Taufik Ibrahim, Najwa Sabirah Niken Dwi Wahyu Cahyani Nurul Hidayah Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayah Pirzada, Shahnaz Senan, Norhalina