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All Journal AL-ADABIYA: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan Humanities and Language
Akhtar, Farhan
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Local development in the context of SEZs under CPEC: Navigating pathways, trade-offs, and stakeholder perspectives in District Nowshera, KP, Pakistan Akhtar, Farhan
Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Education Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Humanities & Language: International Journal of Linguistics, Humanities, and Ed
Publisher : Abdul Media Literasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/2av1vv08

Abstract

This study examines the developmental role of newly established Special Economic Zones (SEZs) under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in District Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It explores stakeholder perceptions, including those of entrepreneurs, business owners, development professionals, transport operators, officials, and community members, regarding economic, infrastructural, social, cultural, and environmental impacts of these initiatives. Guided by Social Exchange Theory, regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of five independent variables on local development. Results show that economic impact (β = 0.295, p < 0.01), infrastructure development (β = 0.318, p < 0.001), and socio-economic progress (β = 0.437, p < 0.001) significantly enhance perceptions of development, while cultural factors (β = −0.138, p = 0.025) and environmental sustainability (β = 0.219, p = 0.006) exert more subtle effects. A strong combined influence (β = 0.493, p < 0.001) affirms the multidimensional character of these dynamics. Respondents expressed optimism about job creation, connectivity, and economic opportunities, yet raised concerns about biodiversity loss, pollution, land conversion, and threats to local identity, norms, and traditions. These socio-cultural and environmental costs risk eroding support for SEZ-led development. The study concludes that sustainable local development requires policies that ensure equitable distribution of benefits, cultural sensitivity, and environmental safeguards, alongside programs for marginalised groups and long-term adaptive monitoring. Balancing economic objectives with social and ecological protections is essential for inclusive growth within the corridor framework.
Impacts of COVID-19 on the Life of Eunuch's (Hijras) in Hyderabad, Sindh Province of Pakistan Sanjrani, Darya Khan; Khoso, Abdul Rasool; Mallah, Sajjad Ali; Akhtar, Farhan; Bhutto, Shahnaz; Narejo, Nasir Ali; Vighio, Kainat
Al-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan Vol. 17 No. 1 (2022): Al-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan
Publisher : LP2M Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri (INSURI) Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/adabiya.v17i1.1507

Abstract

This study aims to describe the impacts of covid-19 on the life of eunuchs (hijra) in district Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. To investigate the effects of covid-19 on the life of a eunuch, in-depth interviews were performed on the eunuch by birth. They included Guru, usually the leader of that particular group. Three Chelas who are the followers of the sample were collected through the snowball sampling technique qualitatively and were analyzed manually. Based on the interviews, the results revealed that eunuchs were facing a lot of predicament during COVID-19 because eunuchs were dependent on begging, dancing, and involved on the different local meetings, which were totaled due to COVID-19. Conversely, in that situation, the eunuchs were being ignored by the people, and no funding was provided to support them. Though, internationally they need to be given all those rights as the locally met. The study findings are supportive and can potentially guide the intervention plans for enhancing the life of eunuch community people. Since the study concludes that 'Eunuchs' are not enjoying their actual rights as met. Finally, the study recommends that there must be active policies for eunuchs, which should highlight the same enjoyments for eunuchs as completed by the local people.
Co-Authors Bhutto, Shahnaz Khoso, Abdul Rasool Mallah, Sajjad Ali Narejo, Nasir Ali Sanjrani, Darya Khan Vighio, Kainat