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All Journal Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Ilmu Sosial (JHPIS)
Hendrik Dengah
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Asas Praduga Tak Bersalah dalam Kasus Anak yang Dilibatkan Orang Dewasa dalam Pencurian di Bawah Paksaan Muhammad Yusuf; Hendrik Dengah; Mursani Mursani
JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN ILMU SOSIAL Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Maret: JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN ILMU SOSIAL
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jhpis.v4i1.5552

Abstract

This study examines the application of the principle of presumption of innocence to children involved in theft due to coercion by adults. Children as vulnerable subjects of law are often exploited or pressured to commit criminal acts against their free will, raising critical questions about the proper legal protection. Using normative juridical methods through legislative approaches and case studies, this study analyzes Indonesian regulations, especially Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, as well as relevant judicial practices. The results of the study show that although the principle of presumption of innocence is a fundamental legal guarantee, its application in the case of children is still inconsistent. Law enforcement officials tend to prioritize a repressive approach, ignoring the psychological condition of children and coercive elements that eliminate the element of error (mens rea). Theoretically, this study uses legal protection theory, justice theory, and restorative justice principles, with an emphasis that children who are forced to commit crimes should be seen as victims of exploitation. The conclusion of the study confirms that the effectiveness of legal protection depends on the consistency of the application of the principle of presumption of innocence, the integration of restorative approaches, and strong institutional support to ensure the best interests of children.
Eksistensi Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Adat di Kota Jayapura dalam Konteks Ancaman Penyerobotan Tanah Tri Mulyadi; Muhammad Yusuf; Hendrik Dengah
JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN ILMU SOSIAL Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Maret: JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN ILMU SOSIAL
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jhpis.v4i1.5553

Abstract

The customary land rights (hak ulayat) of indigenous communities in Jayapura City represent cultural identity with legal, social, spiritual, and ecological dimensions. However, their existence faces serious threats due to land grabbing practices by corporations, state-driven development policies, and individuals supported by biased regulations. This study employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches to examine the dynamics of hak ulayat protection. Findings indicate that although the 1945 Constitution and the Basic Agrarian Law recognize customary land rights, their implementation remains weak due to overlapping sectoral regulations, unfavorable legal pluralism, and the dominance of investment interests. These conditions place indigenous peoples in a subordinate position, leading to the loss of living space, cultural identity, and increased vulnerability to conflict. Legal protection efforts are required through regulatory strengthening, customary land inventory, the application of the principle of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), and the active role of judiciary and civil society. Such measures are essential to safeguard hak ulayat as cultural heritage and an instrument of social justice while preventing the recurrence of land grabbing practices that disadvantage indigenous communities in Jayapura City.
Co-Authors MUHAMMAD YUSUF Mursani Mursani Tri Mulyadi