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All Journal JIO: Jurnal Inovasi Olahraga Journal of Foundational Learning and Child Development
Gea, Dedi Torman
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The Effect of Arm Muscle Power Abilities on Badminton Backhand Smash: A Systematic Review Situmorang, Cristeven Tono; Zalukhu, Fans Darno Prianto Osra; Ginting, Risky Cristyan; Gea, Dedi Torman; Manik, Penata
Jurnal Inovasi Olahraga Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Juni
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Olahraga Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/10.53905/jiojurnal.v4i02.66

Abstract

Research Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review the influence of arm muscle power on badminton backhand smash performance and to identify methodological trends, limitations, and directions for future research. Materials and Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, electronic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus (2010–2025) were conducted. A total of 1,053 records were screened, and 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. Eligible studies included experimental, correlational, and biomechanical investigations focusing on the relationship between upper-limb power and backhand smash performance. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed independently by two reviewers. Results: The synthesis of 20 studies (N = 1,245) revealed consistent evidence of strong positive associations (r = 0.72–0.95) between upper-limb explosive power and smash velocity, accuracy, or overall effectiveness. Biomechanical analyses highlighted the critical role of the wrist-forearm segment in accelerating racket head speed. Training interventions incorporating resistance, plyometric, and medicine-ball drills led to significant performance gains, with smash velocity improvements ranging from 6–12% over 6–8 weeks. Limitations included heterogeneous power-testing protocols and a lack of longitudinal studies. Conclusions: Arm muscle power plays a decisive role in optimizing badminton backhand smash performance. Coaches should prioritize targeted upper-limb power training, particularly wrist-forearm conditioning, while researchers should pursue standardized, longitudinal studies to deepen causal understanding and refine training strategies.
The Effect of Traditional Folk Games During the Independence Day Celebration on the Development of Gross Motor Skills in Elementary School Children Hutahaean, Agnes Monica; Simbolon, Rifaldo P.; Gea, Dedi Torman; Siregar, Nurfadillah
Journal of Foundational Learning and Child Development Vol. 1 No. 03 (2025): Vol. 1 No. 03 (2025): Foundation Learning in Education
Publisher : CV. INSPIRETECH GLOBAL INSIGHT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/ChildDev.v1i03.120

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This research investigated the effect of traditional Indonesian folk games practiced during Independence Day celebrations on the development of gross motor skills in elementary school children. Traditional games represent a culturally relevant and engaging approach to physical education that may enhance fundamental motor development in school-aged children. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed with 40 students (20 boys and 20 girls) aged 9–11 years from Sekolah Dasar Negeri 106809 Kolam, Indonesia. Participants were divided into experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups using purposive sampling. The experimental group participated in a four-week traditional folk games intervention (three 60-minute sessions per week) featuring balap karung (sack race), tarik tambang (tug of war), gobak sodor, and engklek. The control group continued regular physical education curriculum. Gross motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development–Third Edition (TGMD-3) at baseline and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests for within-group changes and independent t-tests for between-group comparisons (p < 0.05). Results: The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in both locomotor skills (pre: 38.45±4.12 vs. post: 43.80±3.85, p < 0.001, d = 1.34) and object control skills (pre: 41.30±5.28 vs. post: 47.15±4.62, p < 0.001, d = 1.20), with a total TGMD-3 score increase from 79.75±8.84 to 90.95±7.89 (p < 0.001, d = 1.33). The control group showed minimal changes (p > 0.05). Between-group analysis revealed significant differences favoring the experimental group in locomotor skills (p < 0.001, d = 1.89), object control skills (p < 0.001, d = 1.62), and total scores (p < 0.001, d = 1.85). Conclusions: Traditional folk games conducted during Independence Day celebrations significantly enhanced gross motor skill development in elementary school children. These culturally relevant activities provide an effective, engaging, and contextually appropriate intervention for promoting fundamental motor skills. Physical educators and school administrators should consider incorporating traditional games into physical education curricula as an evidence-based strategy for motor development.
Co-Authors Ginting, Risky Cristyan Hutahaean, Agnes Monica Manik, Penata Simbolon, Rifaldo P. Siregar, Nurfadillah Situmorang, Cristeven Tono Zalukhu, Fans Darno Prianto Osra