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All Journal Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Nur, Fikria Marfuatin
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Formulasi dan uji karakteristik tablet effervescent buah belimbing wuluh dengan variasi konsentrasi asam sitrat dan asam tartat Ambarwati, Nadya; Nur, Fikria Marfuatin; Hidayah, Fufut Nurul
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.989

Abstract

Background: Averrhoa bilimbi L. is a natural source of vitamin C with potential as an antioxidant. Effervescent tablets are a popular dosage form in which the choice of acid sources, such as citric acid and tartaric acid, is critical due to their hygroscopic properties that affect the physical characteristics and stability of both granules and tablets. Objective: This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of citric acid and tartaric acid combinations on the physical characteristics of granules and effervescent tablets of Averrhoa bilimbi powder. Methods: The study employed the dry granulation method. Four tablet formulas with different ratios of citric acid and tartaric acid were prepared. The granules were evaluated for flowability, angle of repose, and moisture content. The resulting tablets were tested for organoleptic properties, weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, friability, and dissolution time. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The evaluation showed that all granule characteristics (flow time 1.36–1.56 seconds; angle of repose 9.95°–13.50°; moisture content 3.298%–4.622%) met the requirements. All tablet evaluation parameters (weight uniformity, size uniformity, hardness, and dissolution time 1.27–1.36 minutes) also complied, except for friability (1.401%–2.832%), which exceeded the specified limit (>1%). Statistical analysis indicated that acid concentration variations had a significant effect (p-value < 0.05) on all tested parameters except tablet friability (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that variations in citric acid and tartaric acid concentrations significantly affect the characteristics of Averrhoa bilimbi effervescent granules and tablets, except for friability. The nonconformity observed in friability testing is presumed to be influenced by other formulation factors such as the type and concentration of binders and lubricants. Further studies on formula optimization, vitamin C content analysis, and accelerated stability testing are recommended.
Formulation and Characteristic Effervescent Tablets of Water Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) With Variation Sodium Bicarbonate Concentration Pradini, Silvia Triana; Ambarwati, Nadya; Nur, Fikria Marfuatin; Rachmawati, Nur
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.686

Abstract

Lagenaria siceraria, commonly known as bottle gourd, is a plant from the Cucurbitaceae family that contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, vitamin C, and saponins with potential antioxidant properties. This study aimed to develop effervescent tablets from Lagenaria siceraria using varying concentrations of sodium bicarbonate based on a Full Factorial Design method. The independent variable was the concentration of sodium bicarbonate, while the dependent variables included flow properties, angle of repose, moisture content, organoleptic characteristics, weight and size uniformity, hardness, friability, and dissolution time. Results showed that flow rate ranged from 5.1 ± 0.007 to 5.49 ± 0.025 seconds (p = 0.004), angle of repose from 25.21 ± 0.42 to 25.5 ± 0.024 degrees (p = 0.026), and moisture content from 3.08 ± 0.09 to 4.71 ± 0.027% (p = 0.080). The tablets met the requirements for weight and size uniformity. Tablet hardness ranged from 6.44 ± 1.42 to 7.75 ± 0.56 kP (p = 0.016), friability from 0.16 to 0.81% (p = 0.055), and dissolution time from 1.82 ± 0.02 to 1.96 ± 0.01 minutes (p = 0.047). In conclusion, variations in sodium bicarbonate concentration significantly affected flow properties, angle of repose, hardness, and dissolution time, but had no significant effect on moisture content and friability. Keywords: Lagenaria siceraria; sodium bicarbonate; effervescent tablet
Co-Authors Hidayah, Fufut Nurul Nadya Ambarwati Pradini, Silvia Triana Rachmawati, Nur