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All Journal Psikologika : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi ALTRUISTIK : Jurnal Konseling dan Psikologi Pendidikan
Adawiah, Zain
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Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

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The Token Economy Method in Reducing Off-Task Behavior Among Elementary School Students Arrumaisyah Daulay, Annisa; Eka Yulita br Tarigan, Devi; Adawiah, Zain; Syahira Sihombing, Filrly
Psikologika: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi Vol. 30 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/psikologika.vol30.iss1.art10

Abstract

Off-task behavior is described as undesired actions in a classroom learning situation. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the implementation of a token economy in reducing off-task behavior among elementary school students. The sample consisted of five elementary school teachers based on the location and a descriptive qualitative method was adopted using a case study. Additionally, data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were processed using domain analysis through the stages of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research showed that the implementation of token economy effectively reduced off-task behavior among students during the learning process. The implemented token economy comprised positive and negative reinforcement and punishment, as well as rewards and penalties. Moreover, other methods, such as ice-breaking activities, advice, and motivation, were used as additional reinforcements or support in mitigating off-task behavior among students.
The Relationship Between Locus of Control and Fear of Missing Out Among K-Pop Fans on Social Media Adawiah, Zain
Altruistik : Jurnal Konseling dan Psikologi Pendidikan Vol 3 No 2 (2023): Altruistik : Jurnal Konseling dan Psikologi Pendidikan (July - December)
Publisher : Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/altruistik.v3i2.69999

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between locus of control and fear of missing out (FoMO) among K-Pop fans (K-Popers) on social media. The research employed a quantitative correlational design with 200 participants, selected through a convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test to identify the association between the two variables. The findings reveal that the dominant dimension of locus of control among participants was the external-chance factor, while the primary component influencing FoMO was anxiety. Furthermore, the analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between locus of control and FoMO, with a weak correlation strength of 19.6%. This suggests that the higher the external locus of control, the higher the level of FoMO experienced by K-Pop fans on social media. The results also indicate that individuals who are more externally oriented in their locus of control tend to depend on external validation and connection, which in turn fosters FoMO-related behaviors. This study contributes to the understanding of how personality factors influence digital behavior in fan communities, providing a psychological perspective on social media engagement among K-Pop fans.
Co-Authors Arrumaisyah Daulay, Annisa Eka Yulita br Tarigan, Devi Syahira Sihombing, Filrly