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Delirium in Bipolar Disorder as a Triggering Factor to Cognitive Decline: A Case Report and Neuroprogression Insight Ahadiah, Hayyunah Rohmatul; Syadza, Lailatus; Shafly, Moch Syafirul Nur; Asikah; Algristian, Hafid
Sinergi International Journal of Psychology Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/psychology.v3i4.784

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is a major contributor to global disability, affecting not only mood regulation but also cognitive function, and its impact is often exacerbated by metabolic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. These comorbid conditions can lead to poorer clinical outcomes and increase the risk of neuropsychiatric complications such as delirium and cognitive impairment, which are frequently overlooked in clinical practice. This article aims to describe and analyze the case of a 31-year-old male with a history of bipolar disorder who presented with a hyperglycemic crisis and pneumonia, followed by the onset of acute delirium and subsequent cognitive decline. Through a descriptive clinical approach, the patient’s medical and psychiatric history, laboratory findings, and treatment course are reviewed to explore the complex interaction between mood disorders and metabolic dysfunction. The analysis reveals a strong link between metabolic dysregulation and worsening neuropsychiatric outcomes. This case underscores the importance of early detection and an integrated, multidisciplinary management approach to prevent long-term cognitive deterioration in patients with psychiatric disorders accompanied by metabolic conditions, offering important implications for future clinical practice.
The Psychosomatic Cycle of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Chronic Illness: A Clinical Review Amalia Tauziah; Hafid Algristian; Asikah
Journal of Health Literacy and Qualitative Research Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/jhlqr.v6i1.981

Abstract

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) frequently coexists with chronic medical illnesses, creating a complex interaction that may intensify psychological distress and the perception of physical symptoms. This case report describes a 62-year-old male with GAD and multiple chronic comorbidities, including atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The patient presented with persistent health-related worry, sleep disturbance, and heightened preoccupation with bodily sensations, accompanied by moderate impairment in quality of life. Clinical assessment and psychological screening indicated significant anxiety symptoms without prominent depressive features. Based on clinical observations and integration with the biopsychosocial framework, somatosensory amplification, body hypervigilance, and difficulties in emotional expression were hypothesized to contribute to a psychosomatic interaction pattern. These processes may contribute to a reinforcing psychosomatic cycle in which anxiety intensifies the perception of physical symptoms, while chronic illness functions as a persistent internal stressor that maintains health-related worry. These mechanisms were not directly measured using standardized instruments but were inferred from behavioral patterns, illness narratives, and longitudinal clinical documentation. This case highlights how psychological and medical factors may mutually reinforce each other in elderly patients with multimorbidity. An integrative management approach combining pharmacological treatment, psychoeducation, and supportive psychotherapy may help interrupt this reciprocal cycle and improve functional outcomes and quality of life.