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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Pendas : Primary Education Journal Global Education Trends Journal of Psychology
Bernard, Koto
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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EDUCATION AND THE VALI-VAZAHA: BETWEEN TRADITION AND EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVES IN THE SOUTH-WEST REGION OF MADAGASCAR Bien-Aimé, Whega Danitsaike; Bernard, Koto; Emynorane, Ralaivao Hanginiaina
Global Education Trends Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): GLOBAL EDUCATION TRENDS
Publisher : YAYASAN CENDEKIA CITRA GEMILANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61798/get.v3i2.389

Abstract

This study explores the phenomenon of vali-vazaha, marriage or concubinage with foreigners in the Southwest region of Madagascar, where tourism strongly influences local socio-cultural practices. While education is widely recognized as a fundamental right and a cornerstone of sustainable development, many families continue to prioritize early marriage, particularly with vazaha, as a faster route to economic and social mobility. Employing a qualitative field-based approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and participant observation in three rural coastal communes: Itampolo, Belalanda (Mangily), and Befandefa (Andavadoaka). A purposive sample of 30 participants, including parents, young girls, teachers, and community leaders, provided diverse perspectives on the interplay between education, tradition, and marriage practices. The findings reveal a paradox: although education is acknowledged as valuable, its long-term benefits are often overshadowed by the immediate financial advantages of early marriage. Tourism and exposure to foreigners have reshaped local aspirations, reinforcing the perception of marriage with a vazaha as a shortcut to prestige and stability. Girls are the most affected, as they face school dropout, limited autonomy, and early social responsibilities. The study highlights how economic insecurity entrenched cultural norms, and weak institutional support collectively perpetuate this practice. By analyzing these dynamics through Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital, Berry's acculturation framework, and Durkheim's perspective on social norms, the study contributes a novel understanding of how globalization and local traditions intersect in shaping educational trajectories. It underscores the urgent need for context-sensitive policies that both strengthen educational opportunities for girls and address the socio-economic drivers of early marriage.
DIGITALIZATION AND EDUCATION: AN ANALYSIS OF PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES IN THE CISCO OF TOLIARA I, MADAGASCAR Bien-Aimé, Whega Danitsaike; Emynorane, Ralaivao Hanginiaina; Bernard, Koto
Journal of Psychology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Yayasan Nuraini Ibrahim Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70248/jp.v2i1.3105

Abstract

This study investigates the prospects and challenges of educational digitalization in the CISCO of Toliara I, Madagascar, where digital reforms remain largely at the planning stage. Using a qualitative approach, the study gathers insights from teachers, students, parents, and administrators to examine how digital tools are envisioned, the expectations attached to them, and the factors that hinder their adoption. Current practices in attendance monitoring, examination registration, recordkeeping, and school–family communication are still paper-based, fragmented, and often ineffective in addressing chronic absenteeism, high dropout rates, or irregular examination participation. Participants emphasize the potential value of digital identification cards, centralized servers, automated alerts to parents, and digital student profiles as mechanisms to enhance accountability, transparency, and the overall quality of education. Anticipated outcomes include stronger parental involvement, reduced absenteeism, more reliable regulation of examinations, and better support for remedial initiatives such as Back to School for Learning and Teaching at the Right Level. However, the study also highlights major obstacles, including inadequate infrastructure, unstable electricity and internet access, limited technical capacity, and weak institutional coordination. By capturing both the realities of the existing system and the aspirations for digital reform, the study sheds light on the conditions necessary for digitalization to become a transformative force for educational governance in Madagascar.
PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN MADAGASCAR UNDER CONDITIONS OF POVERTY AND RURAL INEQUALITY Léa, Soameva; Bernard, Koto; Urbain, Marolahy Jacquot
JURNAL ILMIAH PENDAS: PRIMARY EDUCATION JOURNAL Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Program Studi PGSD, FKIP, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/p9y3xb34

Abstract

This study aims to examine primary school education in Madagascar under conditions of poverty and rural inequality, with particular attention to how structural deprivation shapes educational access, learning readiness, and school quality at the primary level. The research explores the interconnected roles of household economic conditions, school infrastructure, teacher capacity, community engagement, and institutional management in shaping educational experiences in rural settings. Qualitative research design was employed to capture the perspectives and lived experiences of key educational stakeholders. Data were collected in the Atsimo Andrefana Region of Madagascar, specifically within the CISCO of Toliara II, Sakaraha, and Morombe, areas characterized by limited resources and predominantly rural populations. Primary data consisted of semi-structured interviews with 35 key informants, focus group discussions, and document analysis involving teachers, school principals, parents, community members, and local education officials. The findings reveal that poverty-related challenges, including malnutrition, livelihood insecurity, inadequate school infrastructure, and uneven professional support for teachers, significantly undermine learning readiness and instructional quality. Educational inequality is further reinforced by weak school management capacity and limited access to technological and administrative resources. Community involvement and culturally responsive teaching practices were found to partially mitigate these constraints by enhancing student engagement and school resilience. The study concludes that improving primary education in rural Madagascar requires integrated and context-sensitive strategies linking education policy with social protection, targeted investment in rural schools, continuous teacher professional development, and strengthened community–school partnerships to promote more equitable educational outcomes.
LEARNING THROUGH TRADITION IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: CASE OF IHOROMBE REGION, MADAGASCAR Claudette, Andriantenaina; Simonette Augustin, Ravaoarisoa; Bernard, Koto
JURNAL ILMIAH PENDAS: PRIMARY EDUCATION JOURNAL Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Program Studi PGSD, FKIP, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/wfyybh14

Abstract

This study aims to explore how local cultural traditions shape primary education in the Ihorombe Region of Madagascar, with a focus on understanding the ways in which community knowledge, values, and practices influence student learning, engagement, and classroom dynamics. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from 20 informants, including school principals, teachers, students, parents, and community elders, through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, informal discussions, and document analysis. The findings indicate that cultural values such as respect for elders, cooperation, and collective responsibility play a central role in guiding student behavior and fostering collaborative learning. Oral traditions and storytelling serve as effective tools for comprehension and the transmission of moral and social knowledge, while active community participation strengthens student motivation, attendance, and commitment. The study also identifies challenges in aligning the national curriculum with local realities, particularly when teaching materials and instructional approaches do not reflect students’ cultural experiences. Overall, the study demonstrates that integrating tradition into formal schooling enhances learning outcomes, reinforces cultural identity, and creates a holistic educational environment in which students can connect community practices with academic knowledge, highlighting the importance of culturally responsive approaches in rural education contexts.
Co-Authors Bien-Aimé, Whega Danitsaike Claudette, Andriantenaina Emynorane, Ralaivao Hanginiaina Léa, Soameva Simonette Augustin, Ravaoarisoa Urbain, Marolahy Jacquot