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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition
Fajar Ari Nugroho
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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Modified High-Protein Diet and Their Impact on Sarcopenia and Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review Sujiati Kurnia, Eva; Hofifa Sevira Wulandari; Inggita Kusumastuty; Kanthi P. Tritisari; Fuadiyah Nila Kurniasari; Fajar Ari Nugroho
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2025.012.01.1

Abstract

Breast cancer rank as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide and remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, with high incidence rates, including in Indonesia. A prevalent complication is sarcopenia, characterized by decreased muscular strength and volume, which increases the possibility of postoperative complications, reduces therapy response, lowers overall health status, and elevates the risk of death. One potential strategy to counter sarcopenia is increasing protein intake through dietary modification. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the impact of a diet rich in protein on sarcopenia progression and the prognosis of breast malignancy patients, using a Scoping Review approach. Literature was sourced from PubMed and Oxford Academic databases from 2014 to 2024 with specific keyword combinations: “Breast Cancer” OR “Breast Neoplasm” with “High Protein Diet” AND “Sarcopenia” OR “Sarcopenias” AND “Prognosis” OR “Prognoses”, then filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis of 12 selected studies shows that increased dietary protein intake (≥2-2.5 g/kg body weight/day) positively affects breast cancer patients with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia worsens prognosis by increasing mortality risk and therapy toxicity: however, higher protein intake, especially when combined with physical activity, improves muscle mass and function. The modified high-protein diet is essential in managing breast cancer, particularly for those at risk of or experiencing sarcopenia. Further research is needed to reinforce current findings and determine optimal dietary strategies for this patient group.
Effect of Probiotics on Respiratory Infections in Stunted Preschool Children: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-Post Study Deslina Rohmatul Luklu; Fajar Ari Nugroho; Annisa Rizky Maulidiana
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2025.012.02.8

Abstract

Stunting in preschool-aged children increases susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) due to impaired immune systems and imbalances in gut microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on URTI incidence among stunted preschool-aged children and to support nutrition-based preventive strategies for reducing acute respiratory infections among vulnerable populations. This study used a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test-post-test design conducted over 120 days from August 2023 to January 2024. Fifteen stunted preschool-aged children enrolled in a kindergarten in Probolinggo City participated through total sampling. Data were collected using health status forms completed by enumerators during school days and by parents during holidays. Observations were conducted during two consecutive 60-day periods before and during probiotic supplementation. The intervention consisted of daily administration of 65 ml of a probiotic containing more than 100 million Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain bacteria per milliliter. Statistical analysis included Fisher’s Exact Test and the Wilcoxon Test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed a significant difference in URTI status before and during probiotic supplementation (p = 0.042) and in the duration of school absenteeism (p = 0.011). However, no significant differences were found in URTI episode frequency, episode duration, or overall illness duration. The study concludes that probiotic supplementation (65 ml) has a significant impact on reducing URTI occurrence and school absenteeism in stunted preschool children.
Relationship of Nitrogen Balance and Stroke Patient Recovery: A Systematic Review Anshari, Zalfa Alya; Fuadiyah Nila Kurniasari; Fajar Ari Nugroho
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2025.012.02.1

Abstract

Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease and remains a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Many stroke patients experience dysphagia and hypercatabolism, which contribute to negative nitrogen balance and may slow the recovery process. Urine Urea Nitrogen (UUN) offers an accurate representation of metabolic status than serum albumin, thus it can be used as a valuable indicator in nutritional evaluation and nutritional intervention strategies. This systematic review examines the relationship between nitrogen balance and recovery in stroke patients and assesses the effectiveness of UUN in evaluating nutritional status. Literature searches were conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published between 2015 and 2025 using the keywords Nitrogen Balance, Protein Metabolism, Stroke, UUN, Rehabilitation, and Protein Intake. From 370 identified references, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used observational designs (64.29%) and were conducted in the United States (42.86%). A narrative thematic synthesis was applied to the included studies. The results consistently showed that negative nitrogen balance was associated with delayed neurological recovery and longer hospitalization, while higher protein intake improved nitrogen balance and rehabilitation outcomes. Urine Urea Nitrogen (UUN) was found to be a more accurate metabolic indicator than albumin levels for guiding nutritional interventions.
Co-Authors Annisa Rizky Maulidiana Anshari, Zalfa Alya Deslina Rohmatul Luklu Fuadiyah Nila Kurniasari Hofifa Sevira Wulandari Inggita Kusumastuty Kanthi P. Tritisari Sujiati Kurnia, Eva