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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Nusantara Medical Science Journal
Anastasia, Mutiara
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Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Antifungal Drug Resistance Profile in Candida sp. as a Cause of Oral Candidiasis: A Scoping Review Anastasia, Mutiara; Mauli Warma Dewi, Intan; Yunivita, Vycke
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.7

Abstract

Candida sp. is renowned for causing oral candidiasis. The prevalence of this disease is around 20-25% and the prevalence can increase in patients with systemic factors (40.2,%). Meanwhile, resistance to antifungal drugs can worsen the prognosis, especially in patients who have systemic risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the resistance profile of Candida sp. as a cause of oral candidiasis. The scoping review method was used based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse Extensions for Scoping Reviews. Data were collected through the Pubmed, Springer Open, and Google Scholar databases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 18 articles were analyzed. The results showed that antifungal drug resistance test profile depended on the species of Candida and the status of comorbid disease. Based on species, antifungal drug resistance was higher in non-Candida albicans than in Candida albicans. In the comorbid group, Candida sp. resistance to antifungal drugs was higher in the azole group. Meanwhile, in the group without comorbidities, antifungal drug resistance in groups with comorbidities is higher in flucytosine, econazole, and ketoconazole groups than in nystatin, caspofungin, and miconazole. This suggest that the use of nystatin is still effective for treating oral candidiasis. Healthcare provider may need consider prescribing nystatin, especially for patients with systemic risk factors.
The Correlation between Plasma IL-17 Levels, Lymphocyte Counts, and Neutrophil Counts with the Colonisation of Candida sp. in Tuberculosis Patients with a Treatment History Yunivita, Vycke; Anastasia, Mutiara; Warma Dewi, Intan Mauli; Murad, Chrysanti
Nusantara Medical Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Volume 10 Issue 2, July - December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/nmsj.v10i2.46139

Abstract

Introduction:  Tuberculosis (TB) patients with a history of ATT therapy are associated with changes in IL-17 levels, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil counts. Increased IL-17 levels, lymphocyte counts and neutrophil counts indicate colonisation of Candida sp. fungus. Changes in the immune response in TB patients with Candida sp. colonisation may cause complications of TB that affect the treatment success rate. Methods:  This research was designed for observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. 59 subjects are divided into 3 groups, consisting of 21 TB-positive people with Candida sp. colonisation, 21 TB-positive people without Candida sp. colonisation, and 17 TB-negative people with Candida sp. colonisation. Plasma IL-17 levels are examined using the ELISA test, while the lymphocyte and neutrophil counts are seen from previous study examinations (AFFECT). Results:   The plasma IL-17 levels in the TB-positive group with Candida sp. colonisation were 24.05 pg/ml (IQR 21.77-30.50). The plasma IL-17 levels in the TB-positive group without Candida sp colonisation were 23.08 pg/ml (IQR 19.11-32.46). The plasma IL-17 levels in the TB-negative group with Candida sp. colonisation is 20.72 pg/ml (IQR 18.51-22.84) pg/ml, (p=0.046). However, there are no statistically significant difference was observed in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts (p=0.078). Conclusions:  The differences in IL-17 levels that occur in the TB group with Candida sp colonisation may serve as an immunological signal suggesting the need for fungal assessment if the TB patients do not improve their treatment outcome after undergoing ATT for over 6 months.
Co-Authors Chrysanti Murad, Chrysanti Mauli Warma Dewi, Intan Yunivita, Vycke