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Sexuality and Religious Court Authority: Interpreting Homosexuality in the Khulʿ Divorce Case in Singkawang, Indonesia Anandya, Rivany; Ardiansyah; Hakim, Muhammad Lutfi
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 59 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v59i1.1621

Abstract

Homosexuality, defined as same-sex relationships among men, is not explicitly recognized as a legal ground for divorce under Indonesian marriage law. This study examines how judges interpret homosexuality in divorce proceedings, focusing on a khulʿ case filed by a wife in the Religious Court of Singkawang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The case exposes a normative gap between formal legal provisions and the socio-religious realities encountered by Muslim women seeking legal protection. Employing a socio-legal approach and qualitative content analysis of Decision No. 134/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Skw as primary data, the research explores judicial reasoning within the frameworks of discretion and interpretive practice that connect statutory law, Islamic legal principles, and social context. The findings reveal that the judges intentionally characterized homosexuality as “deviant behavior” constituting ongoing marital discord (shiqāq). This reasoning integrates juridical references to statutory law and judicial precedents, theological arguments derived from Sūrat al-Rūm verse 21, and several qawāʿid fiqhiyyah (Islamic legal maxims) emphasizing harm elimination, alongside moral and social considerations that underscore divorce as a means to prevent greater harm. This study advances a theoretical framework of interpretive strategies that bridge normative gaps and illuminate how Islamic family law is adjudicated within the evolving socio-legal landscape of contemporary nation-states.
Women’s Experiences in Fatwa Production: Feminist Practical Reasoning in KUPI’s Fatwa on Female Circumcision Anandya, Rivany; Agustina, Arifah Millati
Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Socio-Legal Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Socio-Legal Studies
Publisher : Elkuator Research and Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66277/ijssls.2.1.272

Abstract

Female circumcision remains a contentious issue in many Muslim societies due to its intersection with religious authority, cultural tradition, and women’s reproductive health. While previous studies have examined fatwas on women from socio-political, legal reasoning, and gender justice perspectives, limited attention has been given to how women’s experiences and scientific knowledge are incorporated into Islamic legal reasoning. This article analyzes the fatwa issued by the Indonesian Congress of Women Ulama (Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia, KUPI), which prohibits female circumcision through the Second KUPI Religious Deliberation Decree No. 08/MK-KUPI-2/XI/2022. Using a socio-legal approach based on library research, the study employs Katharine T. Bartlett’s feminist practical reasoning as an analytical framework. The findings show that KUPI integrates women’s lived experiences, reproductive health knowledge, Islamic legal sources, and constitutional norms in constructing its legal argument. This integration is reflected in the formulation of the problem description (taṣawwur), the legal sources (adillah), and the process of analytical and interpretative reasoning (istidlāl), all of which emphasize the physical, psychological, and reproductive harms experienced by women. The article argues that KUPI’s fatwa represents not only a shift in the legal status of female circumcision but also a transformation in the production of Islamic legal authority by positioning women’s experiences as a source of legal consideration in practical legal reasoning. This study contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by highlighting the role of lived experience in shaping fatwa-making and religious authority. [Sunat perempuan masih menjadi isu kontroversial di berbagai masyarakat Muslim karena berada pada persimpangan antara otoritas keagamaan, tradisi budaya, dan kesehatan reproduksi perempuan. Meskipun berbagai studi telah mengkaji fatwa tentang perempuan dari perspektif konteks sosial-politik, penalaran hukum, dan keadilan gender, perhatian terhadap bagaimana pengalaman perempuan dan pengetahuan ilmiah diintegrasikan ke dalam penalaran hukum Islam masih relatif terbatas. Artikel ini menganalisis fatwa Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) yang mengharamkan sunat perempuan melalui Keputusan Musyawarah Keagamaan II KUPI No. 08/MK-KUPI-2/XI/2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-legal berbasis studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis dengan kerangka penalaran praktis feminis yang dikembangkan oleh Katharine T. Bartlett. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUPI mengintegrasikan pengalaman perempuan, ilmu kesehatan reproduksi, sumber-sumber hukum Islam, dan norma konstitusional dalam membangun argumentasi hukumnya. Integrasi tersebut tampak dalam deskripsi masalah (taṣawwur), penggunaan sumber hukum (adillah), dan proses analisis hukum (istidlāl) yang menitikberatkan pada dampak fisik, psikologis, dan reproduktif yang dialami perempuan. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa fatwa KUPI tidak hanya merepresentasikan perubahan status hukum sunat perempuan, tetapi juga menunjukkan transformasi dalam produksi otoritas hukum Islam melalui penempatan pengalaman perempuan sebagai sumber pertimbangan hukum dalam penalaran hukum praktisnya. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan studi hukum Islam kontemporer dengan menegaskan pentingnya pengalaman hidup dalam pembentukan fatwa dan otoritas keagamaan.]