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All Journal Journal of Innovation Materials, Energy, and Sustainable Engineering Kimia Padjadjaran
Attoriq, Bondan
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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BIO-KOTAK: Biobaterai Komposit Ampas Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Limbah Cair Tahu sebagai Alternatif Sumber Listrik Portabel Terbarukan Attoriq, Bondan; Fittuqo, Muhammad Syauqi; Ramadhan, Yusuf Rahmad
Kimia Padjadjaran Vol 2, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Kimia Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Sampah baterai yang tidak dikelola berpotensi mencemari lingkungan akibat kandungan logam-logam beratnya. Kondisi tersebut mendorong pemanfaatan biobaterai dari limbah pengolahan makanan populer di Indonesia, yakni tahu. Geliat industri tahu yang menjamur di kota peneliti, Semarang, menghasilkan limbah cair yang dominan terbuang. Kandungan asam asetat dalam limbah tersebut didayagunakan sebagai elektrolit biobaterai yang dioptimalkan melalui fermentasi, dipadatkan dengan tepung ampas kelapa, dan diperkuat larutan KCl 40%. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis gaya gerak listrik (GGL), penurunan daya listrik dalam rangkaian LED, dan komposisi optimum biobaterai dalam variasi komposit tepung ampas kelapa dan fermentasi limbah cair tahu dengan rasio b/v 0, 25, 50, 75, dan 100%  (g/mL). Biobaterai dibuat dengan mensubstitusi pasta baterai ABC Dry Cell tipe AA bekas. Baterai ABC baru turut diuji sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji GGL optimal diperoleh BIO-KOTAK komposisi 25% dengan rata-rata perolehan 1,59 ± 0,03 V. Rerata GGL tersebut sama besarnya dengan kelompok baterai kontrol menurut analisis ANOVA. Rata-rata penurunan daya listrik terbesar juga diperoleh BIO-KOTAK komposisi 25% (13,77; 3,74; 3,64; 2,89; 2,08; 1,4; 1,38 mW). Menurut analisis Kruskal-Wallis, rerata penurunan daya pada masing-masing komposisi bernilai sama. Komposisi optimum BIO-KOTAK ditemukan pada rasio 25%.
Data-driven optimization of rice husk waste management through an integrated machine learning and community-based pyrolysis approach Makarim, Hanif Yusran; Anrizky, Muhammad Daffa; Attoriq, Bondan; Koyongian, Daniel Evan; Negoro, Rafa Adhi
Journal of Innovation Materials, Energy, and Sustainable Engineering Vol. 3 No. 2: (January) 2026
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/jimese.v3i2.2026.2617

Abstract

Background: Indonesia’s energy landscape currently pivots between two bifaceted issues: the stagnation of the national energy transition and the inefficiencies of decentralized waste management. Despite East Java producing 9.27 million tons of dry-milled rice (GKG) in 2024, the resulting 1.85 Mt of rice husk remains an underutilized bio-resource. This wasted potential coincides with a sluggish renewable energy trajectory, where the 15.25% share by mid-2025 significantly trails the 23% national target. Methods: A data-driven framework integrating feedstock characterization, experimental data, and literature benchmarks was applied to evaluate catalytic fast pyrolysis and upgrading pathways for rice husk. Machine-learning-assisted correlation analysis and multi-objective optimization (NSGA-II) were used to benchmark key process variables, product yields, and fuel quality trade-offs. Findings: The technical foundation, built on detailed feedstock characterization, reveals that the CFP process yields ~46.9 wt% bio-oil, which is further refined to a 32.2 wt% biodiesel-equivalent yield. To enhance operational precision, various ML algorithms were evaluated; the Extra Trees model coupled with Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) demonstrated superior predictive performance with an R2 of up to 0.96 and an RMSE <1 MJ/kg for calorific value prediction, showing strong accuracy for O/C ratio and CO2 fraction estimation. Techno-economic assessment confirms the framework's viability for pilot-scale implementation, projecting a positive NPV of IDR 50.4 million, an IRR of 23.78%, and a 2.93-year payback period. While sensitivity analysis highlights exchange rate volatility as a key financial risk, the model successfully positions farmers as active stakeholders in the value chain. Conclusion: The integrated CFP–ML framework demonstrates technical and economic viability for decentralized rice husk valorization, positioning farmers as active stakeholders in the renewable energy value chain and offering a scalable, bottom-up solution to support Indonesia’s energy transition in agricultural regions. Novelty/Originality of this article: By synthesizing mechanistic process design with data-driven decision support, this study provides a scalable, bottom-up pathway for decentralized waste-to-energy systems in agricultural regions.
Co-Authors Anrizky, Muhammad Daffa Fittuqo, Muhammad Syauqi Koyongian, Daniel Evan Makarim, Hanif Yusran Negoro, Rafa Adhi Ramadhan, Yusuf Rahmad