Faisal, Raja
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REFORMASI DAN WESTERNISASI : TRANSFORMASI DINASTI USMANIYAH MENUJU MODERNITAS Faisal, Raja; SJ, Fadil
Jurnal Pendidikan, Kebudayaan dan Keislaman Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Service (LP2M) of Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN Pontianak)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jpkk.v4i1.3819

Abstract

Atikel ini mengkaji mengenai Reformasi Tanzimat dan westernisasi sebagai periode krusial dalam proses modernisasi dan westernisasi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Reformasi ini merupakan respons terhadap melemahnya struktur politik, militer, dan ekonomi di tubuh kesultanan Turki Usmani, sekaligus bentuk penyesuaian terhadap dominasi Eropa yang tengah mencapai kemajuan dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan, hukum, dan tata kelola pemerintahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan mengolaborasikan dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka terhadap berbagai sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Reformasi Tanzimat menjadi titik balik penting dalam pembentukan sistem pemerintahan modern, penataan ulang hukum, serta transformasi sosial yang mengantarkan pada tumbuhnya nasionalisme Turki. Meski sarat dengan pengaruh nilai-nilai Barat, arus westernisasi tersebut tetap berupaya mempertahankan identitas Islam-Turki dalam bingkai budaya Usmaniyah. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa Reformasi Tanzimat bukan sekadar adaptasi terhadap Barat, melainkan strategi sintesis antara tradisi dan modernitas yang kemudian melandasi lahirnya negara-bangsa Turki modern pada awal abad ke-20. This article examines the Tanzimat Reforms and Westernization as a crucial period in the modernization and westernization process of the Ottoman Empire. The reforms emerged as a response to the weakening of the political, military, and economic structures within the Ottoman state, as well as an adjustment to the growing European dominance marked by advancements in science, law, and governance. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method combined with a literature review approach, utilizing both primary and secondary sources. The findings reveal that the Tanzimat Reforms marked a significant turning point in the establishment of a modern administrative system, legal restructuring, and social transformation that eventually fostered the rise of Turkish nationalism. Although deeply influenced by Western values, the wave of Westernization still sought to preserve the Islamic-Turkish identity within the Ottoman cultural framework. This article asserts that the Tanzimat Reforms were not merely an adaptation to the West but a strategic synthesis between tradition and modernity that laid the groundwork for the emergence of the modern Turkish nation-state in the early twentieth century.