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All Journal Innofarm Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian JURNAL ILMU PERTANIAN
Wati, Lita Wahyu Rika
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Characterization of Phenology and Growth Phases of Local Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) from East Sumba Wati, Lita Wahyu Rika; Sari, Agnes Dwi Meita; Kurnia, Theresa Dwi
AGRIUM: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 28, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/agrium.v28i2.24217

Abstract

Sorghum is one of the cereal crops currently being widely developed as an alternative food in Indonesia. One of the approaches is through research in the field of plant breeding. To initiate the development of more advanced research, with future research focused on developing local cultivars as part of local wisdom that preserves sustainability and genetic diversity, information is needed regarding the phenological characteristics and growth phases of sorghum plants as conducted in this study. The plant materials used were two local sorghum genotypes of East Sumba, namely Watar Hammu Manippa Tadda and Watar Hammu Mitting Nggangga. A descriptive research method was used to provide a detailed description of the characteristics of sorghum plants. The research was conducted from June to December 2024 at the Science Techno Park (STP), Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University, Wates Village, Getasan District, Semarang Regency, at an altitude of 1118 meters above sea level. The results showed that the local East Sumba sorghum genotypes, Watar Hammu Manippa Tadda and genotype Watar Hammu Mitting Nggangga, have similar phenological charactersistics in terms of leaf, stem, and root, while their seed characteristics and panicle shapes of the two types are different, with clear distinctions in seed and panicle morphology serving as important differentiating traits. Based on the growth phase, there are no significant differences between the two genotypes. The research results indicates that both genotypes have strong potential as breeding materials, with breeding efforts best directed toward combining the superior traits of each genotype, maintaining local adaptation while improving seed productivity and quality. This study provides detailed information on the phenological characteristics and growth phases of two local sorghum varieties from East Sumba. Information related to plant phenology is an important foundation for developing sorghum breeding research in Indonesia. Knowing the characteristics of the plant also supports the optimal use of sorghum as a food source or alternative feed.
Bahasa Inggris Agnes Dwi Meita Sari; Wati, Lita Wahyu Rika; Dwi Kurnia , Theresa
Innofarm : Jurnal Inovasi Petanian Vol 27 No 2 (2025): JURNAL INNOFARM : Jurnal Inovasi Petanian
Publisher : FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SLAMET RIYADI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33061/innofarm.v28i2.13276

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a cereal crop with strong potential as an alternative food source, animal feed, and bioenergy material due to its adaptability to marginal, dry, and nutrient-poor soils. In Indonesia, however, local sorghum utilization remains limited because of the lack of improved varieties and insufficient knowledge of growth and phenology. This study analyzed the growth phases and phenological traits of two East Sumba genotypes, Watar Hammu Miting Walla and Watar Hammu Rara Kadita. The research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, UKSW (June–December 2024), using morphological observations and growth-phase documentation until flowering. Variables measured included leaf traits, chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, sugar content, seed weight and size, and panicle form. Both genotypes exhibited similar growth patterns, but Miting Walla progressed through early phases more rapidly. Morphologically, Miting Walla had narrower leaves, sturdier stems, higher sugar levels, and compact panicles, while Rara Kadita had wider leaves, taller stems, lighter seeds, and looser panicles. These contrasts indicate distinct adaptive strategies and underline the potential of local sorghum as a dual-purpose crop for food and bioenergy. Keywords: Growth stage, Phenology, Characteristics of sorghum, Food alternative
Co-Authors Agnes Dwi Meita Sari Dwi Kurnia , Theresa Sari, Agnes Dwi Meita Theresa Dwi Kurnia