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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Asfandi, Putri Kusuma C. G. R.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Protective Effects of L-Carnitine on Growth and Cardiac Function in High-Glucose-Exposed Zebrafish Embryos Fukata, Editya; Weningtyas, Anditri; Sishartami, Lintang Widya; Putri, Nuramaliah Desliani; Asfandi, Putri Kusuma C. G. R.
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.879-885

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder, and maternal hyperglycaemia during pregnancy increases the risk of fetal developmental complications. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of L-carnitine against glucose-induced embryotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fertilized embryos were exposed to 5% glucose with or without L-carnitine supplementation (50 or 100 uM). Developmental outcomes including survival, hatching, malformations, body length, and heart rate were assessed using microscopy and analyzed by ANOVA and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. High glucose significantly reduced survival (hazard ratio = 6.86; p < 0.0001), delayed hatching (median hatching time 84 vs. 60 hpf; HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.08–0.39; p < 0.0001), and induced growth retardation and bradycardia (p < 0.0001). L-carnitine did not rescue survival or hatching but partially ameliorated growth impairment (p < 0.05) and restored heart rate in a dose-dependent manner, with 100 uM supplementation approaching control values (p < 0.001). Morphological abnormalities such as yolk sac edema and spinal curvature remained present but less severe with co-treatment. In conclusion, L-carnitine confers partial protective effects on growth and cardiac function under hyperglycaemic stress, although it does not prevent early lethality.
Co-Authors Anditri Weningtyas Editya Fukata Lintang Widya Sishartami Putri, Nuramaliah Desliani