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All Journal Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Jurnal Politique The Sunan Ampel Review of Political and Social Sciences
Bahar, Moh Syaeful
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Religion Humanities Social Sciences Other

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The Polarization of Bondowoso Hadhramis and Their Intra-Ethnic Relations Bahar, Moh Syaeful; Ali, Ahmad Khubby; Harnadi, Dodik
AL-TAHRIR Vol 23 No 2 (2023): Islamic Studies
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/altahrir.v23i2.6089

Abstract

This article examines polarization within the Hadhrami Arab population in Bondowoso, East Java, especially in light of the rise of the 212 movement and the presidential election in 2019. During this time, the national political climate has become more tense. The issue of religion, which is drawn to political contestation, creates polarization among Muslims, including Arab Muslims. In Bondowoso, the polarization aligns with the different religious understanding backgrounds such as Sunni and Shi’a.  Nevertheless, polarization does not lead to social conflicts between them. Departing from this description, this study then focuses on two things. First, it seeks to reveal the views of Hadhrami Arabs on several national issues based on their respective religious backgrounds. Second, this study also reveals Arab intra-ethnic relations with different positions in addressing national issues. This research applied qualitative research with a case study approach to examine this focus. The study found that Arab perceptions of national issues varied according to their religious background. These perceptions correspond to their respective religious understanding. Second, although they differ in political and religious positions, the internal relations among Bondowoso Arabs are running normally without falling into violent conflict. 
The Political Involvement of Kiai in the Eyes of Gus/Lora in Bondowoso, East Java Bahar, Moh Syaeful
Journal Politique Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Politik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/politique.2026.6.1.103-128

Abstract

This study examines Lora's and Gus's perceptions of the involvement of kiai and pesantren in practical politics. Drawing on social construction theory and perception theory, the research explores how the political involvement of kiai is interpreted within everyday social interactions and within religious authority relations in local society. The study employs a qualitative approach through observation and in-depth interviews to understand differing viewpoints shaped by socio-cultural context, personal experience, and political dynamics. Findings reveal that perceptions are divided into positive and negative orientations. Positive perceptions consist of passive acceptance and active support for kiai participation in politics, while negative perceptions appear in confrontational and accommodative forms. Theological considerations, sociological relations, emotional bonds, economic interests, and inter-kiai competition influence these perceptions. The study concludes that political engagement of kiai produces both social integration and disintegration, while simultaneously opening political participation and generating new negotiations of religious authority in contemporary local politics.  
Potential Conflict and the Absence of Effective Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: The Case Of Bondowoso Village Election Bahar, Moh Syaeful
The Sunan Ampel Review of Political and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/sarpass.2024.3.2.214-224

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics and potential sources of conflict emerging from the Village Head Election (Pilkades) in Grujugan Kidul Village, Bondowoso Regency, Eas Java. Following the decentralization era, village democracy has provided wider participation opportunities for local communities; however, electoral competition at the village level often generates social tensions due to strong emotional ties and close social relations among villagers. The research aims to identify conflict potentials, analyze conflict patterns, and evaluate the effectiveness of conflict resolution mechanisms within village political processes. This research employs a qualitative participatory approach to obtain a holistic understanding of social realities surrounding Pilkades. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with nineteen informants selected through snowball sampling, and literature review. Conflict theory perspectives were applied as the analytical framework to interpret social interactions, elite dynamics, and patterns of political contestation occurring before, during, and after the election process. The findings reveal that conflict originated from limited public understanding of democratic values and competition, resulting in emotional rather than rational political support. Such conditions encouraged blind fanaticism among supporters and intensified polarization within the community. Conflict developed through three stages: latent conflict before the election, manifest conflict during the election, and complex post-election conflict involving community groups and local government institutions. The study also finds that conflict resolution mechanisms were ineffective due to persistent elite tensions and the weakened mediating role of religious leaders. Consequently, latent social disharmony continued to shape community relations even after the electoral process ended.
Co-Authors Ali, Ahmad Khubby Harnadi, Dodik