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From Waste to Resource: Sustainable Recycling Strategies for Monocrystalline Solar Panels in Indonesia Faizin, Muhammad Ihsan Nur; Riyanto, Andry; Heriyanto, Hernawan; Utami, Mei Budi; Ludji, Omrie; Yandri, Erkata
Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ljes.v3i2.340

Abstract

The rapid growth of photovoltaic (PV) installations in Indonesia, projected to exceed 8.5 GW by 2030, is expected to generate over 1 million tons of solar panel waste by 2050, highlighting the urgent need for end-of-life (EoL) management. This study evaluates the environmental impacts of monocrystalline PV panels and examines suitable recycling strategies for Indonesia. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework compares landfill and recycling scenarios using Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Cumulative Energy Demand (CED), supported by sensitivity analysis. Results show that aluminum recycling can reduce GWP by up to 83% and CED by 95% compared to primary production. Mechanical recycling and direct reuse are the most feasible options given local market conditions and technological readiness, while advanced recycling requires additional support. Extending panel lifespan and further improving efficiency further reduce emissions and accelerate carbon payback. The study emphasizes the need for a national PV waste management framework that integrates recycling with circular economic strategies. Policy measures such as Extended Producer Responsibility and fiscal incentives, combined with cross-sector collaboration, are crucial to ensuring a sustainable, low-carbon solar energy transition in Indonesia.  
Structural Feasibility Assessment of an Adjustable-Height Photovoltaic Mounting System Using Conceptual Design and Finite Element Simulation Faizin, Muhammad Ihsan Nur; Yandri, Erkata
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v4i1.383

Abstract

The performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is influenced not only by module efficiency but also by the flexibility and structural reliability of mounting systems, particularly those allowing height and tilt adjustments to accommodate site-specific and seasonal variations. While automatic tracking systems can increase energy yield, their high cost and mechanical complexity limit widespread adoption, underscoring the need for simpler, more economical alternatives. This study evaluates the structural feasibility of an adjustable-height PV mounting system that improves installation flexibility while maintaining mechanical integrity. A conceptual engineering design approach was employed to develop a modular mounting structure with a mechanical height-adjustment mechanism. Structural performance was assessed using finite element–based static simulations under gravitational loading representative of a commercial bifacial PV module. The evaluation focused on Von Mises stress distribution, total deformation, and safety factor as indicators of mechanical reliability at the conceptual design stage. The results indicate that maximum Von Mises stress remains well below the assumed material yield strength, while total deformation is negligible relative to overall structural dimensions. The calculated safety factor confirms an adequate structural safety margin, indicating that integrating a height adjustment mechanism does not compromise structural stability. The proposed mounting system demonstrates sufficient structural feasibility and mechanical simplicity for early-stage development, offering a practical, adaptable solution for ground-mounted and rooftop PV installations.