Zhuo, Pua Ying
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Development of Swimming Learning Models Through Adobe Flash Application Media in High Schools Zulkifli, Zulkifli; Henjilito, Raffly; Yani, Ahmad; Alficandra, Alficandra; Makorohim, M Fransazeli; Yudho, Pijar Kuncoro; Zhuo, Pua Ying
Journal of Sport Science and Education Vol 8 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jossae.v8n2.p85-93

Abstract

This study aims to produce a product in the form of a CS 6 Flash-Based Swimming Learning Model so that students can more easily understand swimming material and also make it easier for teachers to teach swimming. This study uses the Research and Development method. The steps in this research were: field needs analysis, compiling products, validating media and material experts, small-scale trials, second stage validation, large-scale trials, and the final product. The subjects of this study were students of class XI SMA Islam Az-Zahrah Palembang. Data was collected using a questionnaire for both experts and subjects. The results of this study are in the form of swimming learning models for teachers. Material experts state that this product is included in the good category (84.6%). Application experts stated that this product was included in the good/proper category with a percentage of 90.62% while for the small group and field assessment were 87.5% and 90.90%, respectively. It can be concluded that the development of this application can be used as a reference for teachers in the process of learning swimming material and the findings in this study are the results of applying swimming material to high school students from class XI.  
Beban Latihan, Akumulasi Beban Kerja, dan Risiko Cedera pada Pelari Jarak Jauh: Analisis Deret Waktu Prasetya, Muhammad Reza Aziz; Firmansyah, Awang; Wahyudi, Heri; Chang, Cheng Liang; Zhuo, Pua Ying
Indonesian Journal of Kinanthropology (IJOK) Vol 6 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/ijok.v6n1.p37-46

Abstract

Background: Monitoring training load is essential for optimizing performance while minimizing injury risk in endurance athletes. However, evidence linking daily workload fluctuations and injury occurrence in runners remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between daily training load, accumulated workload, and injury occurrence in distance runners using a longitudinal time-series dataset. Methods: A retrospective observational design was used to analyze longitudinal training data from 74 distance runners, comprising 42,766 daily observations. Training-load variables included total running distance, intensity zones, sprint distance, strength training participation, and perceived recovery indicators. Injury occurrence was recorded as a binary outcome (injury vs. no injury). Logistic regression and workload-ratio analysis were applied to evaluate associations between training load variables and injury risk. Results: The analysis identified 583 injury events across the observation period. Higher accumulated running volume and greater fluctuations in daily workload were associated with an increased likelihood of injury. In addition, reduced perceived recovery scores were linked to a higher probability of injury occurrence, suggesting the importance of internal load monitoring alongside external training metrics. Conclusions: Variations in workload progression and insufficient recovery may contribute to injury risk in distance runners. Monitoring training load accumulation and recovery indicators may help coaches and practitioners implement more effective load-management strategies to reduce injury risk while maintaining performance development.