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Effects of Melatonin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Setiawan Nathan, Daniel; Yumilia, Hoo
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic illness causing hyperglycemia, is primarily caused by insulin resistance. Melatonin, an indolamine, plays a role in the circadian cycle and affects hunger, fullness, and awareness. Melatonin treatment has shown positive effects on glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin levels, but may increase insulin sensitivity and reduce fasting insulin levels. Methods: This systematic review focused on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024 using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Editorials and review pieces published in the same journal as the submission without a DOI were not accepted. The literature was compiled using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub, among other online venues. Result: Our study team initially collected more than 100,000 publications using reliable sources including Science Direct, PubMed, and SagePub. Just five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. To facilitate viewing, Table 1 gathers together the literature that was examined for this analysis. Conclusion: Melatonin, a hormone, can affect glycemic control, obesity control, and energy expenditure. It regulates insulin secretion and protects against reactive oxygen species and free radicals. However, high levels can negatively affect insulin sensitivity.
Association of Selenium and Thyroid Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Setiawan Nathan, Daniel; Yumilia, Hoo
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Introduction: Selenium's historical journey from discovery to its role in human health underscores its complex relationship with disease, particularly thyroid cancer. While research suggests a potential link between low selenium levels and thyroid cancer risk, conflicting findings challenge our understanding of selenium's impact, warranting further investigation. This systematic review aims to unravel selenium's intricate interplay with thyroid cancer, navigating through its historical significance, physiological role, and recent epidemiological studies to offer insights into this complex relationship. Method: The researchers in this study followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure that their work met the required standards. This was done to ensure the precision and reliability of the conclusions derived from the research. Result: Our search produced 18 results. After looking at the titles and summaries, we found 7 papers that fit our criteria. At first, we excluded several articles because they were written in review style, pilot study, and case reports. But after reading the full papers carefully, we included five papers in our final analysis. These papers included experimental study, cross-sectional study, prospective cohort, and case control. Conclusion: This systematic review explores the relationship between selenium and thyroid cancer, highlighting SBP1 as a potential therapeutic target based on experimental evidence. Clinical studies suggest lower serum selenium levels in females with papillary thyroid cancer, indicating a potential protective effect with higher selenium levels. While the development of a tumor-targeted drug delivery system shows promise for thyroid cancer treatment, a large prospective cohort study found no association between selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk, emphasizing the need for further research, particularly biomarker-based studies.
Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Risk or Development of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Setiawan Nathan, Daniel; Yumilia, Hoo
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, central obesity, and insulin resistance. MetS and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are intricately linked and can influence each other. This study aims to serve a comprehensive systematic review to evaluate the association of MetS and CKD in literatures of the last 10 years.   Methods: The review adhered to PRISMA 2020 standards and analyzed full-text English literature from 2014 to 2024. It excluded editorials, review papers from the same journal, and submissions lacking a DOI. Literature sources included PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. Result: A total of 488 articles were retrieved from online databases (PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink and Google Scholar). After three rounds of screening, five articles directly relevant to the systematic review were selected for full-text reading and analysis. Conclusion: The discussion emphasizes the complex link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), driven by modern lifestyle habits causing metabolic overload. Kidneys are especially susceptible to MetS effects, but effective treatment strategies are lacking. Further research is needed to understand and address MetS-related kidney damage.
Risk Factor and Management of Peritonitis related to Peritoneal Dialysis in Low Income Countries Setiawan Nathan, Daniel; Sanjaya, Charles
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Abstract

Background: Peritoneal dyalisis (PD) may offer some advantages over hemodyalisis (HD) with regard to quality of life and kidney transplantation outcome and costs savings. Methods: This systematic review focused on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024 using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Editorials and review pieces published in the same journal as the submission without a DOI were not accepted. The literature was compiled using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub, among other online venues. Result: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: The technologies lead to a decrease in the peritonitis rates but effective training of the patient about catheter care and PD techniques still play an important role in the prevention of PD peritonitis.
Prevalence, Management, and Outcome of Lupus Nephritis: A Ten Years Systematic Review Setiawan Nathan, Daniel; Sanjaya, Charles
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Abstract

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) occurs in ~50% of patients with SLE and is the most common, but not the only, cause of kidney injury in SLE. Men with SLE tend to have more aggressive disease with higher rates of renal and cardiovascular involvement and are more likely to develop kidney failure than women. Methods: This systematic review focused on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024 using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Editorials and review pieces published in the same journal as the submission without a DOI were not accepted. The literature was compiled using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub, among other online venues. Result: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: Achieving a complete clinical response to treatment is critical to preserving long-term kidney health.
The Effect of Aspirin to Reduced Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Hatulely, Chrysman Andreria; Setiawan Nathan, Daniel
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

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Background: Consistent aspirin usage is linked to a lower incidence of HCC in both the general population and certain populations that are at higher risk for the disease. Aspirin may also lessen the chance of HCC recurrence. Methods: This systematic review focused on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024 using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Editorials and review pieces published in the same  journal as the submission without a DOI were not accepted. The literature was compiled using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub, among other online venues. Result: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: The use of aspirin has been linked to a significant, duration-dependent reduction in the risk of incident HCC. Therefore, to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of aspirin usage for HCC chemoprophylaxis, it is imperative to conduct randomised placebo-controlled studies in well-phenotyped groups.