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Implementation of K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm on Density-Based Spatial Clustering Application with Noise Method on Stunting Clustering Gani, Friansyah; Panigoro, Hasan S.; Mahmud, Sri Lestari; Rahmi, Emli; Nasib, Salmun K.; Nashar, La Ode
JURNAL DIFERENSIAL Vol 6 No 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Matematika, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jd.v6i2.16278

Abstract

This paper studies the implementation of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm on Density-Based Spatial Clustering Application with Noise (DBSCAN) method on stunting Clustering in the eastern region of Indonesia in 2022. The DBSCAN method is used because it is more efficient to perform the Clustering process for irregular Clustering shapes. The main objective of this study is to apply the KNN algorithm to the DBSCAN Clustering technique in 161 Districts/Cities in 11 provinces in eastern Indonesia. A comparison of the performance evaluation of the DBSCAN Clustering technique is done by considering the value of the Silhouette score, BetaCV score, and Davies-Bouldin score indicating the quality of the Clusters formed with the lowest results scores of 0.67 and 1.84 with epsilon value = 3.4 and minimum point value = 2 resulting in 4 Clusters. The results of Clustering 161 Districts and Cities based on the factors that cause stunting formed 4 Clusters where Cluster 0 consists of 119 Districts and Cities with very high stunting characteristics, Cluster 1 consists of 3 Districts and Cities with high stunting characteristics, the results of Cluster 2 consist of 2 Districts and Cities with low stunting characteristics, then the results of Cluster 2 consist of 2 Districts and Cities with low stunting characteristics and Cluster 3 consists of 2 Cities with very low stunting characteristics.
Modeling Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering with Flower Pollination Algorithm for Spatial Optimization and Clustering Gani, Friansyah; Pramoedyo, Henny; Efendi, Achmad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 10, No 2 (2025): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v10i2.36800

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the clustering of districts/cities in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) using the Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering method optimized through the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FGWC-FPA). The data consist of eight health and sanitation indicators for 2024. The analysis produced two clusters with distinct characteristics. Cluster 1 is dominated by areas with relatively higher rates of complementary feeding and good BCG immunization coverage but still shows a higher proportion of low birth weight (LBW) infants and limited access to drinking water and sanitation. Meanwhile, Cluster 2 demonstrates significant advantages in access to proper drinking water (90.37%) and proper sanitation (83.19%), as well as more optimal Hepatitis B immunization coverage. Evaluation of cluster validity using Classification Entropy (CE) and the Separation Index (SI) shows that the best configuration is obtained at m = 1.5 with c = 2, yielding the lowest CE value (0.584872) and reasonably good cluster separation (SI = 1.069092). Thus, the FGWC-FPA method is capable of producing optimal cluster partitioning and can serve as a basis for formulating more targeted health intervention strategies in NTT.
Haversine-Based Geographically Weighted Panel Regression of Human Development in Gorontalo (2016–2025) Kurniawati, Debora Dwi; Pramoedyo, Henny; Astutik, Suci; Gani, Friansyah
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.40886

Abstract

Spatial disparities in human development indicate that socioeconomic factors may influence development outcomes differently across locations. This study aims to analyze spatially varying relationships between the Human Development Index and its key determinants in districts and cities in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, during the period 2016--2025. The analysis uses balanced panel data and models human development as a function of mean years of schooling, life expectancy at birth, and real per capita expenditure. A geographically weighted panel regression approach is applied, with spatial relationships modeled using great-circle distances and an adaptive kernel weighting scheme, while a fixed-effects panel model serves as the global reference. The results reveal a clear spatial heterogeneity in the effects of the explanatory variables, where education consistently shows the strongest positive influence on human development in all regions, followed by health conditions. Economic expenditure exhibits a weaker and spatially varying effect and is not influential in the provincial capital. These findings underscore the importance of accounting for spatial heterogeneity in regional development analyses and support the formulation of place-based human development policies tailored to local conditions.
Spatial Variation of HDI in East Java: A Tricube-Based Geographically Weighted Regression–Flower Pollination Algorithm Modeling Approach Gani, Friansyah; Pramoedyo, Henny; Efendi, Achmad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.38007

Abstract

Understanding spatial disparities in human development is essential for designing equitable development policies. This study examines the spatial variation of the Human Development Index (HDI) in East Java Province using an integrated Geographically Weighted Regression–Flower Pollination Algorithm (GWR–FPA) optimized with a Tricube kernel. The integration of GWR and FPA enables simultaneous spatial weighting and bandwidth optimization using the corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) as the objective function. For standard GWR, the bandwidth was selected using Cross-Validation (CV) to minimize prediction error, while for the GWR–FPA model, bandwidth optimization was performed using the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) with the corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) as the objective function. Three predictors were analyzed: population size (X1), literacy rate (X2), and mean years of schooling (X3). Statistical diagnostics indicated significant spatial autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity in the OLS residuals, justifying the use of a spatial modeling framework. The GWR estimates revealed strong spatial non-stationarity: X1 showed no significant local effect, whereas educational factors (X2 and X3) were significant in all 38 districts and cities. The FPA optimization enhanced bandwidth selection, resulting in improved model fit. Model comparison based on AIC and AICc showed that the GWR–FPA–Tricube model achieved the lowest values (AIC = 135.8821; AICc = 137.0045), outperforming both global OLS and standard GWR. The results highlight the dominant contribution of education-related components to the spatial decomposition of HDI variation across East Java. The optimized model provides a more accurate spatial representation of local development disparities, supporting targeted policy interventions and illustrating the effectiveness of integrating metaheuristic optimization within spatial regression.