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All Journal Medicor : Journal of Health Informatics and Health Policy Psychosocia : Journal of Applied Psychology and Social Psychology
Mumpuni, Yekti
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Addressing Self-Harm in Paranoid Schizophrenia: The Role of Supportive Psychotherapy in Primary Health Care Abdillah, Diaz Syafrie; Mumpuni, Yekti; Algristian, Hafid; Azizah, Nur; Khairunnisa
Medicor : Journal of Health Informatics and Health Policy Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/medicor.v3i4.923

Abstract

Self-harm represents a serious psychiatric emergency frequently observed in individuals with schizophrenia, especially the paranoid subtype, where hallucinations, delusions, and comorbid depression play crucial roles. Although antipsychotic medications remain the cornerstone of treatment for symptom stabilization, they are often insufficient to address underlying psychosocial vulnerabilities that heighten self-harm risk. Supportive psychotherapy (SPT) has emerged as a cost-effective adjunctive intervention that can be integrated within primary health care to complement pharmacological treatment. This literature review synthesizes studies published between 2011 and 2025, retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords paranoid schizophrenia, supportive psychotherapy, and self-harm. Findings reveal that SPT, when implemented after acute psychotic symptoms have subsided, enables patients to express emotions, receive reassurance, and modify maladaptive thoughts through supportive persuasion. Evidence indicates that SPT effectively reduces suicidal ideation and self-harm severity, commonly assessed using the Suicidal Intention Rating Scale (SIRS). Additionally, involving families and providing psychoeducation improve treatment adherence, reduce relapse rates, and create a more supportive home environment. Compared to structured psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or family-focused therapy (FFT), SPT is simpler, more flexible, and feasible in low-resource settings since it can be delivered by general practitioners with basic training. Overall, this review concludes that SPT offers significant potential to mitigate psychiatric emergencies and enhance the quality of life in paranoid schizophrenia patients at risk of self-harm. It recommends training primary care providers in SPT, integrating family psychoeducation, and implementing a stepped-care model that positions SPT as an initial stabilization phase before advancing to structured therapies.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as a Systemic Cascade: A Psychoneuroimmunological Systematic Review Tegar, Muhamad Afif; Algristian, Hafid; Mumpuni, Yekti
Psychosocia : Journal of Applied Psychology and Social Psychology Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/psychosocia.v3i4.1137

Abstract

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has traditionally been viewed as a psychiatric condition; however, emerging evidence from psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) demonstrates that PTSD involves systemic physiological dysregulation extending across neural, endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and immune domains. This systematic review synthesizes recent findings from studies published between 2004 and 2025 to conceptualize PTSD as a psychoneuroimmunological cascade. Literature retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was analyzed thematically to identify converging mechanisms of neuroendocrine, immune, and metabolic alterations associated with PTSD. The review reveals consistent patterns of  hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, autonomic overactivation, chronic inflammation, gut–microbiota imbalance, and endocrine–immune cross-talk. These interconnected processes form self-perpetuating feedback loops that translate psychological trauma into systemic disease. PTSD should therefore be reframed as a multisystem disorder sustained by psychoneuroimmunological dysregulation rather than as a purely psychological condition. Integrative, multidisciplinary interventions—combining pharmacotherapy, mind–body therapies, and lifestyle modulation—are essential to restore systemic homeostasis and improve long-term outcomes. This reconceptualization expands theoretical understanding of PTSD, bridges psychiatry with internal medicine, and informs trauma-informed clinical and policy practices.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Diaz Syafrie Algristian, Hafid Khairunnisa Nur Azizah Tegar, Muhamad Afif