Adewale, S. O.
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Modelling Measles Reoccurrence in Vaccinated Infants Adeboye, O. A.; Adewale, S. O.; Odebiyi, O. A.; Oladejo, J. K.
Mikailalsys Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Mikailalsys Journal of Mathematics and Statistics
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mjms.v3i3.6537

Abstract

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the morbillivirus, marked by symptoms including fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, and a characteristic widespread rash. In severe cases, especially among young children and pregnant women, it can lead to complications such as ear infections, pneumonia, encephalitis, and death. This study develops a six-compartment deterministic mathematical model, expressed as a system of ordinary differential equations, to investigate the transmission dynamics of measles in human populations. The model was demonstrated to be both mathematically and epidemiologically well-posed. The basic reproduction number (R₀) was derived, and the stability analysis of the disease-free equilibrium showed it to be locally and globally asymptotically stable when R₀ < 1, and unstable when R₀ > 1. Sensitivity analysis using normalized forward sensitivity indices revealed the impact of various parameters on R₀. Specifically, parameters with negative indices, such as the vaccination rate and treatment rate reduce R₀ when increased, while those with positive indices, such as the effective contact rate increase R₀ when increased. These findings underscore the importance of increasing vaccination coverage, enhancing treatment efforts, and isolating infected individuals to control and prevent measles outbreaks. The model provides a theoretical framework for designing effective public health strategies to minimize the disease burden in the population.