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All Journal JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK, STISIPOL RAJA HAJI Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Norlyanti, Nia
Unknown Affiliation
Arts Computer Science & IT Engineering Social Sciences

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Hedging at Sea: Indonesia–Russia Defense Diplomacy through ORRUDA 2024 in the Indo-Pacific Norlyanti, Nia; Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu; Hendarwoto, Yermia
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 3 No 4 (2025): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v3i4.7123

Abstract

Amid intensifying great-power rivalries in the Indo-Pacific, Indonesia’s defense strategy has shifted toward multidirectional engagement to preserve strategic autonomy without committing to any single bloc. This study examines the strategic significance of the ORRUDA 2024 joint naval exercise between Indonesia and Russia as a case of defense diplomacy within a hedging framework. Drawing on neorealism, hedging theory, and the actor–process–issue model of defense diplomacy, the research adopts a qualitative case study approach that integrates primary sources, including press releases and official statements, with secondary scholarly literature. The findings reveal that ORRUDA operates both as a balancing mechanism against U.S.-led regional security architectures such as AUKUS and the Quad, and as a diplomatic signal affirming Indonesia’s bebas-aktif foreign policy. The exercise strengthens operational cooperation with non-Western partners, reinforces national security, and contributes to regional stability. It also demonstrates the utility of defense diplomacy as a non-aligned, peacetime instrument of strategic statecraft involving coordinated planning, communication, and issue-specific collaboration. Overall, the analysis underscores the role of calibrated, non-provocative military engagement in managing geopolitical uncertainty and highlights the importance of diversifying defense partnerships and enhancing strategic communication to sustain Indonesia’s agency in a contested Indo-Pacific environment.
BrahMos sebagai Instrumen Pencegahan Konvensional: Evaluasi Strategi Deterrence India terhadap Pakistan Norlyanti, Nia
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Publisher : STISIPOL Raja Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56552/jisipol.v7i2.325

Abstract

The strategic rivalry between India and Pakistan has long been shaped by the threat of nuclear escalation. However, in the post-nuclear era, India increasingly relies on strengthening its conventional deterrence capabilities through the development of advanced missile systems, including the next-generation hypersonic BrahMos II. This study examines how BrahMos II influences India’s deterrence strategy toward Pakistan, particularly in restoring the effectiveness of conventional deterrence in border conflict areas. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method, this research analyzes defense documents, military technology reports, and media coverage related to the development and testing of BrahMos II. The findings indicate that the decline in India’s conventional deterrence effectiveness following the May 2025 border clashes accelerated the development of BrahMos II. The analysis shows that the hypersonic system enhances three core components of deterrence: first, effectiveness, through improved capability to penetrate Pakistan’s defense systems; second, response speed, enabling rapid precision strikes; and third, multi-domain launch flexibility, which strengthens operational adaptability from air, sea, and land platforms. Overall, the study concludes that BrahMos II significantly reinforces India’s conventional deterrence posture while reshaping Pakistan’s strategic calculations in future conflict dynamics in South Asia.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Banyu Perwita Hendarwoto, Yermia