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Pendekatan Terpadu pada Perancangan Rute Distribusi untuk Meminimasi Biaya Transportasi Helmi, Muhammad Nurman; Yogaswara, Yogi; Andryanto, Bram; Asri, Ryry Rizky; Setyawan, Widy
Jurnal Media Teknik dan Sistem Industri Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Suryakancana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35194/jmtsi.v9i2.5663

Abstract

An integrated approach to distribution route design considers several aspects of the distribution network simultaneously such as customer distribution grouping, warehouse locations, routes and vehicle capacity. This approach aims to optimize these factors as an integrated system so that vehicle travel routes are shorter and more efficient and save overall costs. For this purpose, the use of complex mathematical models in designing distribution routes is unavoidable. Distribution route design begins with grouping retailers/agents so that transport vehicles in only one trip can complete their tasks using the Fuzzy c-Means Clustering approach. The next step is the selection of warehouse locations that consider the distribution of demand from retailers/agents in each cluster. For warehouse location selection that is centered on the distribution of retail/agent demand, geographic analysis is very important to map areas with high demand concentrations, so that placing warehouses close to the majority of customers can speed up delivery times and minimize transportation costs. This step uses the P-Median approach with the Greedy Dropping Heuristic Algorithm. This design ends by determining the optimization route using Insertion Heuristic or Vehicle Routing Problem in each cluster, starting with the vehicle departing from the warehouse providing service until all retailers/agents in the cluster are served and returning to the warehouse in just one iteration. The next approach, Tabu Search metaheuristic, is carried out to see other possible shortest distance alternatives by optimizing the shortest distance obtained in the previous stage. This design is applied to the 3 kg gas distribution route in East Bandung City which has six intermediary warehouses and 72 retailers/agents. The integrated design of the 3 kg distribution route produces a cost efficiency of 72.28%. Pendekatan terpadu terhadap perancangan rute distribusi mempertimbangkan sejumlah aspek jaringan distribusi secara bersamaan seperti pengelompokan sebaran pelanggan, lokasi Gudang, rute dan kapasitas kendaraan. Pendekatan ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan faktor-faktor tersebut sebagai satu sistem yang terintegrasi sehingga rute tempuh kendaraan lebih pendek dan efisien serta menghemat biaya keseluruhan. Untuk tujuan ini, penggunaan model matematika kompleks dalam merancang rute distribusi tidak dapat dihindari. Desain rute distribusi diawali dengan mengelompokkan ritel/agen agar kendaraan angkut dalam hanya satu ritasi dapat menyelesaikan tugasnya dengan pendekatan Fuzzy C-Means Clustering. Langkah berikutnya adalah pemilihan lokasi gudang yang mempertimbangkan sebaran permintaan daripada ritel/agen di setiap klaster. Untuk pemilihan lokasi gudang yang berpusat pada sebaran permintaan ritel/agen, analisis geografis sangat penting untuk memetakan area dengan konsentrasi permintaan tinggi, sehingga menempatkan gudang dekat dengan mayoritas pelanggan dapat mempercepat waktu pengiriman dan meminimalkan biaya transportasi. Langkah ini menggunakan pendekatan P-Median dengan Greedy Dropping Heuristic Algorithm. Perancangan ini diakhiri dengan menetapkan rute optimasi menggunakan Insertion Heuristik atau Vehicle Routing Problem pada setiap klaster dengan diawali kendaraan berangkat dari gudang memberi pelayanan hingga semua ritel/agen dalam klaster terlayani dan kembali ke gudang hanya dalam satu ritasi. Pendekatan berikutnya metaheuristik Tabu Search dilakukan untuk melihat kemungkinan alternatif jarak terpendek lainnya dengan melakukan optimisasi jarak terpendek yang telah diperoleh pada tahapan sebelumnya. Perancangan ini diterapkan pada rute distribusi gas 3 kg Kota Bandung Timur yang mempunyai enam gudang perantara dan 72 ritel/agen. Perancangan terpadu rute distribusi 3 kg menghasilkan efisiensi biaya sebesar 72,28%.
A Facility Location Model With Partial Demand Satisfaction: Minimizing Total Cost In Logistics Networks Habib, Ibnu; Aprilia, Anisa; Asri, Ryry Rizky
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i1.2901

Abstract

Facility location optimization plays a pivotal role across both public and private sectores, with critical application in telecommunication, urban planning, industrial layout, and most notably for logistics and supply chain management. The main objective of a Facility Location Problem (FLP) is to determine the optimal placement of a set of facilities (Regional Distribution Centers) within defined geographical space based on spatial distribution of customer demand points. This strategic decision directly influences operational efficiency, service levels, and overall system cost. In the model presented, key factors such as the proximity of facilities to demand nodes, the volume of products required, transportation expenses, and dissastisfaction cost (i.e., penalties for unmet demand) are explicitly incorporated into the optimization framework. The goal is not only to identify the best facility locations but also to decide which transportation links to activate and how much flow to allocate across them, therefore minimizing total system cost while satisfying demand requirements as effectively as possible. The computational results demonstrate crucial insight. Dissatisfaction costs are increased reflecting higher penalties for failing to meet costumer demand. The model responds by fully satisfying all destinations, even if it entails higher dissatisfaction expenditures and reducing the total cost.