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All Journal Jurnal EMT KITA Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA)
Gultom, Lilis S
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Indonesian Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Exports Through the Gravity Model Approach Gultom, Lilis S; Sinaga, Nelly MR
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 9 No 8 (2023): August
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.4664

Abstract

Oil palm is one of the plantation crops that provides the largest contribution to Indonesia's foreign exchange with its derivative products in the form of crude palm oil (CPO). The development of CPO consumption as a source of vegetable oil has pushed Indonesia as the largest producer to export CPO to 179 export destination countries in the world and the 10 largest export countries include India, China, Pakistan, the Netherlands, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Egypt, Italy, Spain and Singapore. Indonesia's CPO export volume fluctuates which can disrupt the country's economy. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the countries that positively impact Indonesian crude palm oil (CPO) exports among 10 destination countries, namely India, China, Pakistan, the Netherlands, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Egypt, Italy, Spain, and Singapore, (2) to analyse the factors influencing Indonesia's CPO exports to these 10 destination countries, and (3) to examine the impact of geographical distance on Indonesia's CPO exports to these countries. The research was conducted from April to September 2021, using panel data that combines time series and cross-sectional data from 2011 to 2020. The findings indicate that India, China, the Netherlands, and Italy had positive constants, while the remaining six countries had negative constants in terms of Indonesia's CPO exports. The combined effect of Indonesia's gross domestic product (GDP) (X1), geographical distance (X2), and the rupiah exchange rate (X3) significantly increased Indonesia's CPO exports to these 10 destination countries by 73.77%. Geographical distance (X2) had a significant and positive effect, whereas Indonesia's GDP (X1) and the rupiah exchange rate (X3) did not show significant effects and had a negative impact on increasing Indonesia's CPO exports to these destinations
Digital-Based MSME Empowerment Strategy and Local Economic Strengthening: An SEM Approach in Medan City Nst, Venny Fraya Hartin; Gultom, Lilis S; Pangabean, Nazla Rachma
Jurnal EMT KITA Vol 10 No 2 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Otonom Lembaga Informasi dan Riset Indonesia (KITA INFO dan RISET) - Lembaga KITA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35870/emt.v10i2.5864

Abstract

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) serve as key pillars of Indonesia’s economic development, significantly contributing to employment, income equity, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. However, in the digital economy era, many MSMEs continue to struggle with structural barriers such as low digital literacy, inadequate technological infrastructure, limited financing access, and weak digital marketing capabilities. This study aims to examine digital-based empowerment strategies for strengthening the local economy in Medan City. Employing a quantitative research design through a survey method, data were collected from MSME actors and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that digital literacy (β = 0.65, p < 0.01), digital infrastructure (β = 0.58, p < 0.01), and policy support (β = 0.60, p < 0.01) significantly influence technology adoption, which subsequently enhances digital marketing strategies (β = 0.62, p < 0.001) and MSME performance (β = 0.72, p < 0.001). Digital marketing strategy emerges as the most influential factor (β = 0.80, p < 0.001), with strong explanatory power (R² = 0.68 for technology adoption; R² = 0.74 for MSME performance). The results indicate that successful MSME digital transformation requires not only technical competence but also an enabling ecosystem involving policy support, infrastructure readiness, and continuous digital training. The study recommends integrated empowerment initiatives through digital literacy education, fiscal incentives, fintech access, QRIS adoption, and e-commerce partnerships to enhance MSME competitiveness and economic resilience in Medan’s digital transformation era.
Co-Authors Pangabean, Nazla Rachma Sinaga, Nelly MR Venny Fraya Hartin Nst