Aritonang, Sylvia Evelyn
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Comparative effects of exergame intervention on cardiorespiratory function in obese and normal-weight adults Darmawan, Andi Miftah Khaerati; Mubarak, Husnul; Aritonang, Sylvia Evelyn; Sam, Nuralam; Warliani, Melda; Zainuddin, Andi Alfian
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i2.323

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Exergaming offers an accessible, interactive alternative to promote physical activity. This study aimed to assess the changes in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), heart rate recovery (HRR), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in adults with obesity and normal weight after a six-week exergame intervention. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post study involved 29 adults (15 obese, 14 normal BMI) who participated in exergame sessions three times of 40 minutes weekly for six weeks. Inclusion criteria included adults aged 18–45 years with a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m² (normal) or ≥25 kg/m² (obese), normal or corrected vision, and willingness to complete the intervention. Exclusion criteria included individuals with cardiovascular, neurological, or uncontrolled medical conditions, recent surgery or hospitalization, pregnancy, participation in other exercise programs within the previous four weeks, cognitive or sensory impairments, withdrawal from the study, repeated absences, or adverse events such as cybersickness. Outcomes included 6MWT distance, HRR, and VO2max. The paired T-test or Wilcoxon test was used for within-group comparisons, and the independent T-test or Mann-Whitney test for between-group analysis. Results: Significant within-group improvements were observed after the intervention. The 6MWT distance increased by 26.21 m, from 364.48 ± 46.92 m to 390.69 ± 43.17 m (p < 0.001). HRR improved by 11.14 bpm, from 24.41 ± 8.35 bpm to 35.55 ± 8.92 bpm (p = 0.003). VO2max increased by 0.79 mL/kg/min, from 14.91 ± 1.85 to 15.70 ± 1.84 mL/kg/min (p < 0.001). However, between-group differences were not statistically significant for 6MWT (p = 0.397), peak heart rate (p = 0.739), HRR (p = 0.220), and VO2max (p = 0.397), indicating similar improvements in both groups. Conclusion: Six weeks of exergaming significantly improved functional capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness comparably in both obese and normal-weight adults, suggesting it was an inclusive and practical option for community-based physical activity programs.
Comparison of mirror therapy and constraint-induced movement therapy on motor recovery and functional outcomes in post-stroke patients Ogirahma; Mubarak, Husnul; Aritonang, Sylvia Evelyn; Zainuddin, Andi Alfian; Sahlan, Anshory; Warliani, Melda
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Inpress January-June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v7i1.324

Abstract

Background: Mirror therapy (MT) and constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) are rehabilitative techniques for improving upper limb function after stroke; however, direct comparisons of their effectiveness are limited. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of MT and CIMT on upper limb recovery in stroke patients. Methods: A randomized controlled trial of 30 post-stroke patients was undertaken from June to September 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to either the MT or CIMT groups. The primary objective was the Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremities (FMA-UE), whereas the secondary outcomes were surface electromyography biofeedback (sEMG-B) and the box and block test (BBT). Results: CIMT significantly improved FMA-UE and BBT scores (p < 0.001), along with sEMG measurements of the middle, anterior, and posterior deltoid, biceps, triceps, wrist extensors, and wrist flexors (p < 0.001). MT also led to significant improvements in FMA-UE, BBT, and sEMG (all p < 0.001). Intergroup comparisons showed greater BBT score gains with CIMT (11) than MT (10), while differences in FMA-UE and sEMG were not significant. Conclusion: Both CIMT and MT enhance upper limb motor function in stroke patients, whereas CIMT results in higher increases in hand dexterity.