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All Journal Referendum aktivisme: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Politik dan Sosial Indonesia
Zakia Lutfiah Khoirun Nisa
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Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Perlindungan Konsumen Digital di Era Kewarganegaraan Global: Analisis Hukum dan Etika Transnasional 2020–2025 Zakia Lutfiah Khoirun Nisa; Izzul Nurdin Setyawan; Siti Khotijah
Aktivisme: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Politik dan Sosial Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Oktober: Aktivisme: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Politik dan Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/aktivisme.v2i4.1328

Abstract

The rapid growth of global digital technology has significantly reshaped social, economic, and legal systems. This transformation presents new challenges for states in fulfilling their legal responsibilities toward digital consumer protection amid the emergence of global citizenship. This study aims to analyze the forms of state responsibility in protecting digital consumer rights through legal and transnational ethical perspectives. Using a normative juridical method with conceptual and statutory approaches, this research focuses on national legal instruments such as Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Act No. 27 of 2022 and regional policies such as the ASEAN Digital Framework Agreement 2025. The findings reveal that states bear dual responsibilities: protecting citizens’ digital rights domestically and adhering to international norms globally. This responsibility involves law enforcement against data violations, policy harmonization, and the strengthening of digital ethics. The study concludes that cross-border cooperation and ethical integration are essential to ensure fair and sustainable digital governance.
Dispensasi Perkawinan Anak di Pengadilan Agama Indonesia: Kritik terhadap Pertimbangan Hakim Berbasis Pancasila dan Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory Zakia Lutfiah Khoirun Nisa; Rida Kusuma Devi; Adinda Marsha Dwi Sukma; Ahmad Muhammad Mustain Nasoha
Referendum : Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Juni : Referendum : Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/referendum.v3i2.1755

Abstract

Child marriage dispensation in Indonesia has shown an increasing trend following the amendment of the minimum marriage age through Law Number 16 of 2019. This phenomenon raises concerns regarding the consistency of judges’ considerations in the Religious Courts, particularly in relation to child protection. This study aims to analyze and critically examine such judicial considerations from the perspective of Pancasila values and the Sociological Jurisprudence approach within the framework of Islamic law. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, utilizing qualitative descriptive-analytical and prescriptive analysis based on library research. The findings reveal that judges’ considerations remain largely casuistic and pragmatic, focusing on factual conditions such as out-of-wedlock pregnancy and social pressure. The implementation of Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019 has not been optimal, resulting in disparities in judicial decisions and failing to fully reflect the principle of the best interests of the child. From the perspectives of Pancasila and Sociological Jurisprudence, these considerations have not yet fully integrated the values of humanity, social justice, and substantive justice. This study concludes that there is a need to strengthen the integration between legal norms, Pancasila values, and sociological approaches within Islamic law in order to produce judicial decisions that are more consistent, just, and oriented toward child protection.
Co-Authors Adinda Marsha Dwi Sukma Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha Baehaqi Izzul Nurdin Setyawan Rida Kusuma Devi