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All Journal Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Sana Ullah
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Enhancing 'First 1,000 Days' Nutrition Literacy via a Posyandu Kader 'Train-the-Trainer' Model: A Mixed-Methods Impact Evaluation on Child Nutritional Status in Eastern Indonesia Fatimah Mursyid; Novalika Kurnia; Sana Ullah; Lestini Wulansari; Muhammad Yoshandi
Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/icejournal.v5i1.53

Abstract

The 'First 1,000 Days' (HPK) period is critical for preventing stunting, a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, particularly in Eastern provinces. Posyandu kader (community health volunteers) are pivotal, but their effectiveness is often hampered by inadequate and unstandardized training. This study evaluates the impact of a structured 'Train-the-Trainer' (ToT) model on kader nutrition literacy and, subsequently, on child nutritional status. We conducted a quasi-experimental, convergent parallel mixed-methods study in two districts of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province, Indonesia. The intervention district (n=50 kader, n=312 mother-child dyads) received the ToT intervention, while the control district (n=50 kader, n=309 mother-child dyads) continued standard practices. The ToT model involved training Puskesmas (health center) staff as 'Master Trainers' who then cascaded structured training and mentorship to kader over 12 months. Quantitative data (kader literacy scores, child anthropometry [Height-for-Age Z-score, HAZ]) were collected at baseline and 12-month follow-up, analyzed using Difference-in-Differences (DiD) and linear mixed-effects models (LMM). Qualitative data (n=24 in-depth interviews, n=6 focus group discussions) explored the intervention's mechanisms, fidelity, and contextual facilitators. At 12 months, kader nutrition literacy in the intervention group increased significantly (mean score change: +29.8 points) compared to the control group (+2.1 points, p < 0.001). The LMM analysis, controlling for covariates, showed a significant 'time × group' interaction effect on child HAZ (β = 0.28, 95% CI [0.15, 0.41], p < 0.001), indicating a meaningful improvement in child growth attributable to the intervention. Stunting prevalence (HAZ < -2 SD) in the intervention group decreased by 8.7 percentage points, while it remained stagnant in the control group. Qualitative themes revealed that the ToT model enhanced kader self-efficacy, shifted their role from passive data collectors to active counselors, and provided mechanisms to address local socio-cultural barriers to nutrition. In conclusion, the 'Train-the-Trainer' model is an effective and scalable strategy for enhancing kader nutrition literacy and precipitating measurable improvements in child nutritional status in high-burden settings. This model provides a sustainable framework for strengthening community health systems to combat stunting, aligning with Indonesia's national strategy and Sustainable Development Goal 3.
The Filtered Face of Beauty: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Association Between TikTok Algorithmic Filters and Skin Lightening Practices Among Indonesian Adolescents Nadia Khoirina; Wisnu Wardhana Putra; Abdullah Assagaf; Muhammad Yusuf; Sana Ullah
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i2.300

Abstract

The proliferation of augmented reality (AR) filters on TikTok has introduced a hyper-idealized and often racialized standard of beauty. In Indonesia, where post-colonial ideals of whiteness persist, the algorithmic enforcement of light skin tones may exacerbate body dysmorphia. This study investigates the correlation between TikTok beauty filter usage and the intention to engage in skin bleaching practices, examining self-esteem as a mediating mechanism. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified purposive sampling technique across five major provinces in Indonesia (n = 1,452 adolescent girls, aged 13–19). Participants completed an online survey measuring TikTok Filter Usage Intensity (TFUI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Skin Bleaching Intentions and Practices Scale (SBIPS). Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), incorporating Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Full Collinearity Assessment for Common Method Bias. High-intensity filter usage was significantly associated with lower self-esteem (beta = -0.42, p < 0.001) and higher skin bleaching intentions (beta = 0.38, p < 0.001). Self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between filter usage and bleaching practices (Variance Accounted For = 25.7%). The model demonstrated high predictive relevance (Q-square = 0.312) and explained 58.2% of the variance in skin bleaching intentions (R-square = 0.582). In conclusion, TikTok’s algorithmic filters serve as a significant predictor of chemical body modification behaviors. The digital whitening provided by filters creates a psychological gap, driving the consumption of skin-lightening products.
The Filtered Face of Beauty: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Association Between TikTok Algorithmic Filters and Skin Lightening Practices Among Indonesian Adolescents Nadia Khoirina; Wisnu Wardhana Putra; Abdullah Assagaf; Muhammad Yusuf; Sana Ullah
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i2.300

Abstract

The proliferation of augmented reality (AR) filters on TikTok has introduced a hyper-idealized and often racialized standard of beauty. In Indonesia, where post-colonial ideals of whiteness persist, the algorithmic enforcement of light skin tones may exacerbate body dysmorphia. This study investigates the correlation between TikTok beauty filter usage and the intention to engage in skin bleaching practices, examining self-esteem as a mediating mechanism. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified purposive sampling technique across five major provinces in Indonesia (n = 1,452 adolescent girls, aged 13–19). Participants completed an online survey measuring TikTok Filter Usage Intensity (TFUI), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Skin Bleaching Intentions and Practices Scale (SBIPS). Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), incorporating Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Full Collinearity Assessment for Common Method Bias. High-intensity filter usage was significantly associated with lower self-esteem (beta = -0.42, p < 0.001) and higher skin bleaching intentions (beta = 0.38, p < 0.001). Self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between filter usage and bleaching practices (Variance Accounted For = 25.7%). The model demonstrated high predictive relevance (Q-square = 0.312) and explained 58.2% of the variance in skin bleaching intentions (R-square = 0.582). In conclusion, TikTok’s algorithmic filters serve as a significant predictor of chemical body modification behaviors. The digital whitening provided by filters creates a psychological gap, driving the consumption of skin-lightening products.
Co-Authors Abdullah Assagaf Fatimah Mursyid Lestini Wulansari Muhammad Yoshandi MUHAMMAD YUSUF Nadia Khoirina Novalika Kurnia Wisnu Wardhana Putra