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All Journal Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Journal of Innovative and Creativity
Wardhani, Gustri Kusuma
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Diabetic Retinopathy Department Sari, Citra Belia Candra; Wardhani, Gustri Kusuma; Haryono, Tri Agus
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 6 No. 11 (2025): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v6i11.2086

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (RD) is one of the chronic microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus which is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. This condition arises as a result of chronic hyperglycemia that triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, and retinal endothelial dysfunction, resulting in capillary leakage, microvascular occlusion, and pathological neovascularization. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of pathophysiological aspects, epidemiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies for Diabetic Retinopathy, emphasizing the relationship between the control of systemic risk factors and disease progressivity. This study uses a literature review-based descriptive approach by analyzing secondary data from various scientific publications, clinical guidelines, and global health reports, including from WHO, ADA, and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The results of the study show that the prevalence of RD is increasing along with the increase in the number of diabetics globally and nationally. Major risk factors include poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and long duration of diabetes. Early detection through wide pupil funduscopy as well as therapies such as laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injections have been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of the disease. RD is a complex disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Optimal control of glucose levels and blood pressure as well as regular retinal examinations are essential to prevent permanent blindness. This study contributes to enriching the national literature related to diabetic ocular complications and provides recommendations for strengthening routine screening, patient education, and further research on innovative therapies based on biomarkers and anti-VEGF agents to improve vision quality and reduce the rate of blindness due to RD.
Tatalaksana Katarak Senilis Matur dengan Fakoemulsifikasi dan Implantasi IOL: Laporan Kasus dan Tinjauan Literatur Reza, Muhamad Faisal; Wardhani, Gustri Kusuma; Indriawati, Atiek
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v5i3.5856

Abstract

Katarak senilis matur adalah kondisi oftalmologis yang berkembang akibat penuaan, menyebabkan kekeruhan lensa mata secara progresif. Penyakit ini adalah salah satu penyebab utama kebutaan di dunia, dengan prevalensi yang meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia. Faktor risiko utama yang mempengaruhi perkembangan katarak senilis matur meliputi paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV), kebiasaan merokok, serta kondisi medis seperti diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi. Katarak dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien, terutama dalam hal penglihatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain laporan kasus (case report) yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan secara sistematis proses diagnosis, penatalaksanaan, dan hasil klinis pada seorang pasien dengan katarak senilis matur. Metode laporan kasus dipilih karena kondisi pasien menunjukkan karakteristik klinis yang khas, perkembangan keluhan yang progresif, serta respons yang representatif terhadap prosedur fakoemulsifikasi, sehingga dapat memberikan kontribusi ilmiah terhadap praktik oftalmologi klinis. Pasien, Tn. D, seorang pria berusia 75 tahun, datang ke Poli Mata RS YARSI pada tanggal 10 Februari 2025 dengan keluhan penglihatan kabur pada mata kanan yang sudah berlangsung selama 8 bulan terakhir. Pasien melaporkan bahwa penglihatannya semakin memburuk dalam dua bulan terakhir, dengan keluhan silau yang semakin berat saat terpapar sinar matahari. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan visus 1/300 pada mata kanan, serta kekeruhan homogen pada lensa mata kanan tanpa iris shadow yang mengarah pada diagnosis katarak senilis matur. Keberhasilan operasi ini sangat bergantung pada usia pasien, kondisi kesehatan umum, serta penanganan pascaoperasi yang optimal. Pembedahan yang tepat dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien secara signifikan, terutama dalam hal penglihatan yang lebih jelas dan bebas dari gangguan katarak.
Co-Authors Haryono, Tri Agus Indriawati, Atiek Reza, Muhamad Faisal Sari, Citra Belia Candra