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Electrocoagulation in Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review on Parameters and Applications Nofri Naldi; Hazmi, Ariadi; Reni Desmiarti; Primas Emeraldi
Andalas Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Electrical Engineering Dept, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ajeeet.v5i2.163

Abstract

Electrocoagulation (EC) is a widely recognized and effective electrochemical treatment method used for removing various contaminants in liquid wastewater. It is capable of reducing a broad spectrum of pollutants, including heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, fluoride ions, dye molecules, oils, and pharmaceutical residues. The efficiency of EC depends on multiple parameters, including current density (which influences the rate of coagulation), pH level (affecting electrochemical reactions), electrode material (such as aluminum or iron), and the conductivity of the solution (which impacts energy consumption). Compared to conventional chemical coagulation processes, EC offers notable advantages by more effectively destabilizing fine colloidal particles, leading to faster aggregation and sedimentation, while consuming less energy. This review highlights recent technological advancements in EC applications, pointing out that most studies have been conducted at the batch scale, with relatively limited progress in developing continuous operation systems. The main challenges hindering large-scale implementation include electrode passivation (which reduces efficiency over time), sludge management issues, and the need for energy consumption optimization. To address these challenges, various strategies such as improving reactor design, developing hybrid treatment systems, and integrating EC with other processes are being explored. Overall, EC exhibits significant potential as a sustainable, flexible, and cost-effective technology for wastewater treatment. However, ongoing research is crucial to enhance the operational stability of continuous systems and ensure long-term sustainability, thereby facilitating broader industrial adoption of this promising technology.
pengetahuan sex education pada siswa/i kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Timur Lora marlita; Nofri Naldi
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Abdurrab Vol. 1 No. 4 (2023): Vol 1 No 4 Desember 2023
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Abdurrab

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Abstract

ABSTRACT At this time sexual education is very important for society, especially among adolescents because this aims to create a healthy emotional attitude towards sexual problems and guide adolescents towards healthy living and being responsible for their sexual life. This study aims to find out the description of sex education knowledge in class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Timur in 2023. This research method is a quantitative study with a descriptive design. The total population in this study was 330 with sampling using the cluster sampling technique so that the number of samples used was 183 people with the instrument using a multiple choice question questionnaire consisting of 15 questions which were distributed by coming to classes at SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Timur . The results of this study showed that 64 students (35.0%) had satisfactory knowledge, 80 students (43.7%) had satisfiable knowledge, and 39 people (21.3%) had excellent knowledge. The level of knowledge of Class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Timur about Sex Education is that 80 people (43.7%) have sufficient knowledge. It is hoped that all related parties will help increase the knowledge of students who have weak or insufficient knowledge of sex educati