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All Journal Media Iuris Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies
Vicko Taniady
Monash University
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Embezzlement in the Private Sector: Legal Challenges and Regulatory Gaps in Corporate Governance Kiki Kristanto; Muhamad Adystia Sunggara; Mas Putra Zenno Januarsyah; Pita Permatasari; Vicko Taniady
IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcls.v10i2.24881

Abstract

This study critically examines the issue of embezzlement in the private sector, a form of white-collar crime that continues to pose significant threats to corporate integrity, investor trust, and economic stability. Despite its prevalence and damaging consequences, legal responses remain fragmented both at the level of national legislation and international legal harmonization. Using a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, comparative, and futuristic approaches, this research systematically analyzes the underlying legal and institutional deficiencies and formulates reform-oriented recommendations. Drawing on statutes, case law, academic doctrines, and cross-jurisdictional practices, the study identifies key regulatory gaps: the absence of a consistent legal definition of private sector embezzlement, weak enforcement mechanisms, and insufficient corporate accountability provisions. Comparative insights from jurisdictions such as the United States, Germany, and Singapore highlight the effectiveness of integrated models combining criminal sanctions, internal compliance obligations, and external oversight. In light of these findings, the study proposes targeted reforms in Indonesian corporate law particularly to clarify corporate criminal liability, mandate real-time internal controls, and establish independent ethics committees. These proposals are intended to guide lawmakers, regulatory bodies, and corporate policymakers toward developing more effective enforcement mechanisms and corporate governance structures. Ultimately, the study underscores that embezzlement is not merely a legal infraction but a systemic governance failure requiring coordinated legal, institutional, and ethical responses across national and international levels.
In the Nick of Time: The Legitimacy of Imposing Deadlines on Appeal and Counter-Appeal Memoranda in Civil Procedure Cita Yustisia Serfiyani; Angelica Milano Aryani Wibisono; Jeniffer Avrillya Wibisono; Vicko Taniady
Media Iuris Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v9i1.77372

Abstract

The modernization of Indonesia’s civil justice system through the e-Court platform has generated a significant normative conflict by imposing a strict seven-day deadline for submitting appeal and counter-appeal memoranda under Supreme Court Decision Letter No. 363/KMA/SK/XII/2022. This regulation conflicts with several higher legal instruments—including the Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR), RBg, Law No. 20 of 1947, and Constitutional Court Decision No. 22/PUU-XX/2022—which confirm that such submissions are optional and are not subject to fixed time limits. This research offers a comprehensive analysis of the normative inconsistency by employing a legal research method grounded in procedural justice theory. Using statutory and conceptual approaches, it assesses whether the decision letter rests on a valid legal basis and whether it comports with the principles of fair civil procedure. The findings indicate that the decision letter imposes a formal requirement that exceeds the Suipreme Court’s legal authority, creates a conflict of norms, and undermines litigants’ procedural rights. The study therefore recommends that the Supreme Court undertake a judicial review to resolve the inconsistency and restore legal certainty in Indonesia’s civil justice system.
Co-Authors Angelica Milano Aryani Wibisono Cita Yustisia Serfiyani Jeniffer Avrillya Wibisono Kiki Kristanto Mas Putra Zenno Januarsyah Muhamad Adystia Sunggara Pita Permatasari