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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Testing of Nanoemulsion Cream from Coriander Seed Extract (Coriandrum sativum L.) in Inhibiting Protein Synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Intan Tasya Az Zahra; Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.26815

Abstract

Bullous impetigo is a contagious skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, characterized by the formation of fluid-filled bullae. The use of topical antibiotics for impetigo treatment has side effects, including the increased risk of bacterial resistance, leading to reduced efficacy. Natural alternatives such as coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.) have the potential as antibacterial agents with fewer side effects. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial activity of a nanoemulsion cream containing coriander seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction of coriander seeds was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol to obtain a thick extract, followed by phytochemical screening to qualitatively identify bioactive compounds and a quantitative total flavonoid test, which resulted in a flavonoid content of 61.64 mg QE/g. The nanoemulsion was formulated using PEG 400 and VCO as the oil phase, while Tween 80, distilled water, and coriander seed extract at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% were used as the aqueous phase. The nanoemulsion was then incorporated into a cream base containing stearic acid, cera alba, and white vaseline as the oil phase, and TEA, propylene glycol, methylparaben, and distilled water as the aqueous phase, heated in a water bath at 75°C. The resulting preparations were evaluated and tested for antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method. The bioactive compounds identified in coriander seed extract include alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and flavonoids, which exhibit antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial test results showed that the inhibition zones for F1 (2.5%), F2 (5%), and F3 (7.5%) were 15.00 mm, 22.00 mm, and 28.33 mm, respectively, while the positive control had an inhibition zone of 30.67 mm. The highest antibacterial activity was obtained at the F3 concentration (7.5%) with an inhibition zone diameter of 28.33 mm, classified as very strong.
Comparative Antidepressant, Anxiolytic, and Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Lemon Peel and Peppermint Leaves Extracts in Mice Neli Syahida Ni'ma; Annisa Aulia Savitri; Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra; Ronny Meilano Hardiansyah; Ika Ayu Puspaningtias; Gavriel Fauzan Fathurahman; Septia Linasari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1297-1304

Abstract

Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders, and current treatments are often limited by side effects, delayed onset, and resistance. Natural products are being explored as safer alternatives, and lemon peel (Citrus limon) and peppermint leaves (Mentha × piperita L.) contain diverse bioactive compounds with neuroprotective potential. This study evaluated the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of their ethanolic extracts, individually and in combination, in male Swiss Webster mice. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and steroids in both extracts. Antidepressant activity, assessed by the Forced Swimming Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST), showed that both extracts and their low-dose combination significantly reduced immobility time, with effects comparable to fluoxetine. In contrast, the high-dose combination did not enhance efficacy. Anxiolytic activity, evaluated using the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Light-Dark Box (LDB), revealed that peppermint extract exerted the strongest effect, followed by the low-dose combination and lemon peel. Acute oral toxicity testing at 2000 mg/kg showed no mortality or adverse effects. These findings suggest that lemon peel and peppermint extracts possess antidepressant and anxiolytic properties with favorable safety profiles, supporting their potential as natural alternatives or adjuncts for managing mood disorders.
Co-Authors Annisa Aulia Savitri Gavriel Fauzan Fathurahman Ika Ayu Puspaningtias Intan Tasya Az Zahra Neli Syahida Ni'ma Ronny Meilano Hardiansyah Septia Linasari