Ahmad Rifai
Universitas Islam Al Azhar Mataram

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Assessing the Urgency of Legal Certainty in the Provision of Health Services at Community Health Centers with Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care Capacity in East Lombok Regency Gusti Ayu Ratih Damayanti; Sukarno; Ahmad Rifai
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.6356

Abstract

Health facilities equipped with adequate infrastructure and competent healthcare personnel represent the most ideal setting for providing care during pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, and the neonatal phase. Consequently, the availability of Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) capable of providing Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (PONED) is expected to contribute significantly to the reduction of maternal mortality (AKI) and infant mortality (AKB), particularly in East Lombok Regency. However, research findings indicate that the implementation of health services at Puskesmas capable of PONED in East Lombok Regency remains ineffective. Contributing factors include inadequate facilities and infrastructure, the limited number of healthcare personnel certified in PONED training, delays in updating assignment letters related to staff transfers (which affects their authority), and a lack of adequate evaluation and supervision in service delivery. Legal certainty in the implementation of health services at Puskesmas capable of PONED can be strengthened through several measures: (a) Regular evaluation and supervision of operational eligibility, formalized through official decrees; (b) Increased budget allocation for PONED training programs for healthcare workers; (c) Alignment of staff transfers with the conditions and needs of PONED-capable Puskesmas; and (d) The formulation and issuance of new regulations that provide comprehensive guidelines for health service delivery at PONED Puskesmas. These legal and operational enhancements are essential for ensuring quality and continuity in maternal and neonatal healthcare, which in turn supports broader public health goals in the region.
Evaluating Sharia Compliance in the Validity of AI-Driven Digital Financial Products in Islamic Banking Atin Meriati Isnani; Ahmad Rifai
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

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Abstract

The development of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has driven innovation in the banking sector, including Islamic banking. Digital transformation provides easy access and efficiency of services, but raises new challenges related to compliance with Islamic principles. This study aims to analyze Islamic compliance with AI-based Islamic banking digital products using a normative legal approach. This approach includes a review of national regulations and applicable Islamic legal principles. The results of the study show that Indonesia already has a sufficient legal basis for digital banking through OJK regulations, and is supported by progressive fatwas from the National Sharia Council-MUI (DSN-MUI) regarding products such as Islamic electronic money, Islamic fintech lending, and Islamic crowdfunding, which are declared permissible as long as they comply with Islamic principles. However, there are still challenges because not all DSN-MUI fatwas are effectively integrated into the technical regulations of the financial authorities. The use of AI in Islamic banking has the potential to increase the efficiency and accuracy of compliance with Islamic principles, such as in the detection of usury and gharar, but also raises ethical issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency, data privacy, and the requirement for customer consent. In conclusion, the validity of Islamic digital products is highly dependent on compliance with formalized Islamic principles. Harmonization between technological innovation and the Islamic legal framework is needed, including accelerating special regulations, strengthening the supervisory role of the DPS, and preparing AI ethical guidelines for Islamic financial institutions.