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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Putu Ririn Andreani
Department Of Pharmacy, Faculty Of Pharmacy And Health Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Denpasar, 80244, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF FENNEL LEAVES AND STEMS (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) AGAINST BACTERIA Cutibacterium acnes AND Staphylococcus epidermidis Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti; Madahlena Isaura Dasilva; Putu Ririn Andreani; I Kadek Suardiana
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2025.v07.i02.p02

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin problem that often affects adolescents and young adults, caused by the bacteria Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The use of synthetic antibiotics for acne treatment can lead to resistance; therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative natural ingredients that can act as a companion or complementary therapy, such as fennel plants (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Objective: To identify and compare the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of fennel leaves and stems against C.acnes and S.epidermidis. Methods: Extraction is carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial tests were carried out in vitro using disc diffusion methods with concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100%. Tetracycline 1% is used as a positive control, and DMSO 10% as a negative control. Results: Extracts of fennel leaves and stems exhibited antibacterial activity. The diameter of the inhibition zone increased with increasing extract concentration, with the leaves extract showing greater antibacterial activity than the stems extract. Conclusion: The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that ethanol extracts of leaves and fennel stems were able to inhibit the growth of C. acnes and S. epidermidis, with an average inhibition zone of leaf extract that was more optimal than that of stems.
POTENTIAL OF EUGENIA UNIFLORA AS A NATURAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Putu Ririn Andreani; I Kadek Suardiana; Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2026.v08.i01.p04

Abstract

Background: Eugenia uniflora (family Myrtaceae), a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases, has attracted increasing interest due to its potential antibacterial properties. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate and synthesize published evidence on the antibacterial activity of E. uniflora. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines by searching Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar for English-language original studies published between 2015 and 2025 that evaluated the antibacterial activity of Eugenia uniflora. Of the 296 records identified, nine studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Results: Nine included studies consistently demonstrated antibacterial activity of E. uniflora against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria were generally more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria, while antibacterial activity varied according to the plant part, extraction method, solvent, and extract concentration. Several studies also reported low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, supporting the therapeutic potential of E. uniflora. Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review support the antibacterial potential of E. uniflora; however, further standardized and well-designed studies are necessary to confirm its efficacy and support its use and development as a natural antibacterial agent.  Keywords:  Eugenia uniflora; Antibacterial activity; Medicinal plants; Systematic review
In vitro antibacterial activity of ethanolic Eugenia uniflora leaf extract and molecular docking study of myricetin as potential antibacterial compound Putu Ririn Andreani; Ni Kadek Mila Seni Puspita Dewi; Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti; Syamsun Jaya
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): JIFI In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v24i2.2162

Abstract

Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that frequently contaminates food products and causes diarrheal or emetic food poisoning, making it a continuing concern for food safety. The present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a 70% ethanolic leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora against B. cereus while exploring its possible mechanism of action through molecular docking. Leaf extraction was carried out by maceration with 70% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening to determine the major secondary metabolites. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method with extract concentrations of 30%, 40%, and 50%. Phytochemical analysis identified flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids in the extract. Growth inhibition of B. cereus was observed at all tested concentrations, with inhibition zones ranging from 6.96±0.45 mm to 7.70±0.23 mm, while azithromycin 1% as the positive control showed a higher inhibition zone of 13.70±0.31 mm. Docking analysis further demonstrated that myricetin exhibited favorable binding toward phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from B. cereus (PDB ID: 1GYM), with a predicted binding affinity of −7.8 kcal/mol, suggesting a potential molecular basis for the observed antibacterial activity. Overall, these findings highlight the promise of E. uniflora leaves as a natural source of antibacterial compounds against B. cereus, although additional experimental studies are required to validate the proposed mechanism and confirm the activity of individual phytochemicals through in vitro and in vivo investigations.
Co-Authors I Kadek Suardiana I Kadek Suardiana Madahlena Isaura Dasilva Ni Kadek Mila Seni Puspita Dewi Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti Syamsun Jaya Yanti, Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika