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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro Jurnal Biologi Udayana
I Dewa Agung Panji Dwipayana
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Water-soluble nanomaterials self-assembly for improving the stability of natural food preservatives: A Review I Dewa Agung Panji Dwipayana
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p07

Abstract

Food spoilage is still a global problem, contributing to foodborne illness, economic losses, and environmental burdens associated with food waste. Conventional chemical preservatives, while effective, face increasing regulatory restrictions and consumer concern regarding potential health risks, driving demand for safer and more natural alternatives. Natural preservatives such as essential oils, phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial peptides offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antioxidant activities but are limited by poor water solubility, volatility, degradation during processing, and inconsistent efficacy in complex food matrices. This narrative review examines recent advances in water-soluble self-assembled nanomaterials as stabilization and delivery systems for natural food preservatives. Emphasis is placed on supramolecular self-assembly principles, key non-covalent interactions in aqueous environments, common nanostructures including cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, polymer micelles, nanoemulsions, hydrogels, and vesicles, as well as assembly and characterization methods relevant to food applications. The review further discusses major food spoilage mechanisms and bacterial pathogens, highlighting synergistic effects achieved by combining nanomaterials with natural preservatives to enhance antimicrobial efficacy, prolong shelf life, and reduce sensory impacts. While these systems demonstrate significant promise for clean-label food preservation, challenges related to scalability, cost, sensory optimization, safety, migration, and regulatory acceptance remain. Addressing these issues through green synthesis, mechanistic studies, and robust safety assessments will be essential to support the responsible translation of self-assembled nanomaterials into practical and sustainable food preservation strategies.
COMPARATIVE DOCKING ANALYSIS REVEALS DIVERGENT SGLT2 SELECTIVITY, FAVORING DAPAGLIFLOZIN I Dewa Agung Panji Dwipayana; Ni Luh Putu Kayika Febryanti; Made Pharmawati
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 15, No 4 (2026): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v15i4.53412

Abstract

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in type 2 diabetes therapy, but selectivity over SGLT1 is critical to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the selectivity of SGLT inhibitors, especially Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin, toward SGLT1 and SGLT2 through molecular docking to inform future inhibitor design. Methods: This study used molecular docking to compare the binding profiles of five SGLT inhibitors, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin, Sotagliflozin, and LX2761, against SGLT1 and SGLT2 transporters Results: Dapagliflozin was the only compound to show statistically significant selectivity for SGLT2 over SGLT1 (p = 0.036), while Empagliflozin and others lacked significant differences in isoform affinity. Although Empagliflozin exhibited slightly stronger nominal binding energy to SGLT2 than Dapagliflozin, ligand efficiency (LE) analysis indicated that this was primarily due to its larger molecular size, affirming Dapagliflozin’s more efficient binding. Interaction analysis further revealed that Dapagliflozin formed a clean, stabilizing pose within the SGLT2 pocket, free of repulsive interactions, unlike Empagliflozin, which displayed an unfavorable donor-donor contact in the same site. Conclusion: These findings support the structural basis for Dapagliflozin’s higher selectivity and reinforce its profile as a SGLT2-specific agent.
Co-Authors Made Pharmawati Ni Luh Putu Kayika Febryanti