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Bioactive proteins in breast milk and their impact on infant gut development Hermawati, Luluk; Irawati, Nur Bebi Ulfah; Zulfa, Hilizza Awalina; Fidusia, Amanah Eva; Agustianti, Erika; Husna, Firda Asma’ul
Jurnal Inovasi Pangan dan Gizi Vol. 2 No. 2: (August) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/jipagi.v2i2.2147

Background: During early stages of life, breast milk is the mainstay of nutrition. Beyond delivering vital amino acids, certain proteins like lactoferrin, α-lactalbumin, sIgA, and lysozyme bolster the infant's gastrointestinal system and provide protective mucosal factors alongside immunomodulatory functions, helping shape the gut microbiome. The goal of this review is to analyze the scientific literature on the types and composition of proteins in breast milk, their biological functions, and their effects regarding the development and protection of the infant’s gastrointestinal tract with special focus on the mechanisms of mucosal immunity, mucosal defense, and microbial colonization. Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed, and Google Scholar databases with the terms bioactive, breastmilk, gut, infant, and microbiota. Only articles published between 2015 and 2025 were chosen for their relevance to the topic and methodological soundness. Findings: Whey proteins, which dominate the early lactation phase, contain bioactive peptides that are easily absorbed and support enterocyte maturation. Lactoferrin and sIgA contribute to maintaining mucosal integrity and preventing pathogen colonization. Growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) accelerate epithelial maturation and strengthen tight junctions, while other proteins like osteopontin and beta-casein help shape a favorable microbial ecosystem. Conclusion: Breast milk proteins contribute multifaceted roles in gastrointestinal and immune system development, underscoring the importance of exclusive breastfeeding as a foundation for neonatal gastrointestinal and immunological health. Novelty/Originality of this article: This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the diverse roles of breast milk proteins in shaping infant gastrointestinal development and mucosal immunity by emphasizing perspectives that integrate evidence focused on nutrition, immunology, and the microbiome in a way that has not been fully addressed in previous literature.

Profil Pengetahuan Data Kesehatan Dasar: Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Golongan Darah dan Hemoglobin pada Kelompok Usia Dewasa Muda: Basic Health Data Knowledge: A Descriptive Study of Blood Groups and Hemoglobin in Young Adults Husna, Firda Asma'ul; Hermawati, Luluk; Putri, Ghea Farmaning Thias; Pratiwisitha, Maytia
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v8i2.2630

Blood type and hemoglobin (Hb) levels constitute essential basic health data that play a critical role in health screening, emergency medical management, and individual readiness for blood donation. Among university students, the availability and understanding of these basic health data remain challenging due to suboptimal levels of knowledge and limited screening history. This study aimed to analyze students’ knowledge levels regarding blood type and hemoglobin levels as basic health data and to explore their implications for personal health awareness and potential participation as blood donors. This research employed a descriptive observational design with randome sampling involving 143 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire to assess students’ knowledge levels and screening history related to blood type and hemoglobin levels. The results showed that 28% of students were unaware of their blood type, while approximately 77% had never known their hemoglobin levels. These findings indicate limited knowledge and screening history of basic health data, rather than reflecting clinically low hemoglobin levels. Overall, approximately two-thirds of students were aware of their blood type. The low level of knowledge regarding blood type and particularly hemoglobin levels reflect insufficient health screening awareness among young adults. Inadequate monitoring of hemoglobin levels may result in undetected anemia, potentially affecting health status and academic performance. Furthermore, limited knowledge of these health parameters may reduce students’ readiness to serve as potential blood donors. The availability of students’ basic health data related to blood type and hemoglobin levels remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for continuous health education and routine health screening programs within the university setting. Keywords: blood type; hemoglobin; knowledge; basic health data; university students Golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) merupakan data kesehatan dasar yang berperan penting dalam skrining kesehatan, penanganan kegawatdaruratan medis, serta kesiapan individu sebagai pendonor darah. Pada kelompok mahasiswa, ketersediaan dan pemahaman terhadap data kesehatan dasar ini masih menjadi tantangan karena tingkat pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin sebagai data kesehatan dasar serta implikasinya terhadap kesadaran kesehatan pribadi dan potensi keterlibatan sebagai pendonor darah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan random sampling yang melibatkan 143 mahasiswa Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan golongan darah serta kadar hemoglobin. Sebanyak 28% mahasiswa belum mengetahui golongan darahnya, sementara sekitar 77% mahasiswa belum pernah mengetahui kadar hemoglobinnya. Temuan ini menunjukkan rendahnya pengetahuan dan riwayat pemeriksaan terhadap data kesehatan dasar, bukan mencerminkan kondisi klinis kadar hemoglobin yang rendah. Secara umum, sekitar dua pertiga mahasiswa telah mengetahui golongan darahnya. Rendahnya pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap golongan darah dan terutama kadar hemoglobin mencerminkan rendahnya kesadaran skrining kesehatan pada kelompok usia dewasa muda. Kurangnya pemantauan kadar hemoglobin berpotensi menyebabkan kondisi anemia tidak terdeteksi serta berdampak pada kesehatan dan performa akademik. Selain itu, keterbatasan pengetahuan ini juga memengaruhi kesiapan mahasiswa sebagai calon pendonor darah. Ketersediaan data kesehatan dasar mahasiswa terkait golongan darah dan kadar hemoglobin masih belum optimal, sehingga diperlukan edukasi dan skrining kesehatan berkelanjutan di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Kata Kunci: golongan darah; hemoglobin; pengetahuan; data kesehatan dasar; mahasiswa

Edukasi Enam langkah Mencuci Tangan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kamasan 2 Kabupaten Serang Banten Firda Asma'ul Husna; Mutria Maharani; Miftahul Fauzan; Khaerunissa All Husna; Alika Nadina Nurazizah; Dhini Herliani; Daniya Putri Kurniawan; Dewi Ardianti; Abigail Cecilia Sihombing; Muhammad Fajar Mubarok; Muhammad Syafiqi Noor Rohmansyah; I'tollah I'tollah; Olga Handika; Ukroma Haekal; Siti Aisyah Rohamdhoni; Neisha Shaquila Nabila Kamil; Uswatun Hasanah; Ayesha Zivanka Anfasyah; Nabila Adawiyah; Alma Tsabitha Sasikirana
Natural: Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat. Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February: Natural: Jurnal Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Bergerak bersama Masyarakat
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/natural.v4i1.2058

Hand washing is a major pillar in clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS). However, there are still children who do not understand the correct handwashing technique so that germ cleaning is not optimal. This community service activity aims to improve students' knowledge and motor skills in practicing the six steps of hand washing according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The method used in this activity is interactive counseling combined with live demonstrations. The stages of the activity include providing material through audiovisual media (video/poster), direct demonstrations by instructors, and independent practice by all participants. In addition, a question and answer session was held to ensure student understanding and corrective feedback on inappropriate movements. Evaluation instruments in the form of observation sheets were used to assess the accuracy of the sequence, duration, and coverage of the hand area when washing. The result of this activity was the success of all participants in practicing the six-step sequence of handwashing correctly independently. The involvement of teachers and school health workers also strengthens the sustainability of this practice through regular monitoring. Through this education, it is hoped that early awareness will arise which has become a routine habit to reduce the risk of disease transmission in the school and home environment and support the creation of a culture of clean living from an early age.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Relevance of Circulating microRNAs across Multiple Cancer Types Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Firda Asmaul Husna; Dwi Widyawati; Zahara Nurfatihah Z
Biofaal Journal Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Biofaal Journal
Publisher : Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/biofaal.v6i2pp159-172

Cancer represents a global health burden characterized by high morbidity and mortality,underscoring the urgent demand for reliable, non-invasive biomarkers to enhance early detection,prognostication, and therapeutic monitoring. Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs present in body fluids that have attracted attention as potential biomarkers, because of their stability, ease of detection, and close relationship with tumor biology. This review evaluates the diagnostic and prognostic potential of c-miRNAs and their integration into precision oncology. A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for publications from 2010 to 2025 that investigated c-miRNAs in human body fluids in relation to diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response. Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria, encompassing breast, lung, colorectal, and gallbladder cancers. Frequently dysregulated c-miRNAs, particularly miR-21, miR-155, miR-210, and Let-7a, demonstrated consistent associations with tumor detection, patient survival, and disease progression. Analytical platforms ranged from quantitative RT-PCR to advanced biosensor-based technologies, enabling sensitive and rapid quantification. Collectively, the evidence highlights c-miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers capable of complementing conventional clinical tools. Their clinical adoption could reduce reliance on invasive tissue biopsies, support earlier and more accurate diagnosis, assist in tailoring patient-specific treatment strategies, and promote the broader implementation of precision medicine in cancer care.

Lentigo Senilis (Solar Lentigo): Tinjauan Naratif tentang Epidemiologi, Patogenesis, Gambaran Klinis, Diagnosis, dan Penatalaksanaan Erika Agustianti; Luluk Hermawati; Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati; Ratu Nadia; Firda Asma’ul Husna; Hilizza Awalina Zulfa
Tirtayasa Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tmj.v5i2.39252

Lentigo senilis, also known as solar lentigo, is a common benign hyperpigmented lesion that is closely associated with chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure and the skin aging process. Although non-malignant, lentigo senilis represents an important manifestation of photoaging and often causes cosmetic concerns, particularly among older individuals. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of lentigo senilis using a thematic narrative review approach. A comprehensive literature search of major electronic databases identified relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that the prevalence of lentigo senilis increases significantly after the age of 50 years, particularly in individuals with cumulative sun exposure and lighter skin phototypes. The pathogenesis involves UV-induced melanocyte activation, dysregulation of melanogenesis signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and age-related decline in epidermal repair capacity. Clinically, lentigo senilis presents as flat, well-demarcated hyperpigmented macules on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Diagnosis is primarily established through clinical examination and dermoscopy to exclude malignant lesions with similar appearances. Management options include topical depigmenting agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy, laser-based therapies, and intense pulsed light, tailored to lesion characteristics and patient preferences. Preventive strategies emphasizing sun protection remain essential in reducing the incidence and progression of lentigo senilis.

Targeting Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Stress via Natural Antioxidant Modulation: From Cellular Signaling to Therapeutic Perspectives Dwi Widyawati; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Rifdah Hanifah; Firda Asmaul Husna; Nabila Aulia Tsaqifah; Ainina Al Shadrina
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.76

Hypoxia is a fundamental physiological and pathological condition that disrupts cellular homeostasis through the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. The imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defense mechanisms is a key contributor to cell injury and disease progression. This review aims to elucidate the molecular interactions among major redox-sensitive signaling pathways hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, and to highlight the therapeutic potential of natural antioxidants in modulating these pathways. Relevant literature published over the past five years (2020-2025) was systematically reviewed using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The selected studies focused on molecular redox signaling, hypoxia-induced oxidative mechanisms, and the modulatory roles of natural phytochemicals such as Ficus carica bioactive compounds. Recent findings reveal that natural antioxidants regulate redox signaling by activating Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, suppressing NF-κB driven inflammation, and stabilizing HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids and polyphenols, exhibit strong potential to restore oxidative balance, protect cellular integrity, and reduce hypoxia-induced damage. Modulating hypoxia-induced oxidative stress through natural antioxidant pathways offers a promising therapeutic strategy. A deeper understanding of the molecular crosstalk between redox signaling and phytochemical activity may provide new insights for developing preventive and therapeutic interventions against hypoxia-related disorders.

Biomedical Profile of Hemoglobin Level, Nutritional Status, and Blood Type in Community-Based Health Screening at Pematang Kamasan Posyandu Firda Asma’ul Husna; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Dwi Widyawati; Rifdah Hanifah
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol. 5 No. 13 (2026)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v5i13.94

Background: Community-based health screening is essential for the early detection of hematological abnormalities, nutritional disorders, and limited health awareness, particularly in rural populations with restricted access to routine medical services. Objective: This study aimed to describe hemoglobin levels, body mass index (BMI) status, blood type distribution, and community health knowledge among residents participating in Posyandu-based screening in Pematang, Kamasan Village. Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted using secondary data from community health screening. Among 143 attendees, complete biomedical and knowledge assessment data were available for 45 participants. Variables included sex, hemoglobin level, BMI category, blood type, and awareness of personal blood type and hemoglobin status. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution, percentage, and mean ± standard deviation. Results: Female participants predominated in the screened population. Blood group O was the most common type, and obesity represented the dominant BMI category. Mean hemoglobin levels in both males and females were generally within normal physiological ranges. Despite measurable biomedical parameters, most participants were unaware of their personal blood type and hemoglobin status, indicating low community health literacy. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a coexistence of relatively normal hemoglobin status with high obesity prevalence and limited biomedical awareness in a rural community. Strengthening integrated community screening combined with targeted health education is necessary to improve preventive health behavior and reduce future cardiometabolic risk.

Lentigo Senilis (Solar Lentigo): Tinjauan Naratif tentang Epidemiologi, Patogenesis, Gambaran Klinis, Diagnosis, dan Penatalaksanaan Erika Agustianti; Luluk Hermawati; Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati; Ratu Nadia; Firda Asma’ul Husna; Hilizza Awalina Zulfa
Tirtayasa Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tmj.v5i2.39252

Lentigo senilis, also known as solar lentigo, is a common benign hyperpigmented lesion that is closely associated with chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure and the skin aging process. Although non-malignant, lentigo senilis represents an important manifestation of photoaging and often causes cosmetic concerns, particularly among older individuals. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of lentigo senilis using a thematic narrative review approach. A comprehensive literature search of major electronic databases identified relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that the prevalence of lentigo senilis increases significantly after the age of 50 years, particularly in individuals with cumulative sun exposure and lighter skin phototypes. The pathogenesis involves UV-induced melanocyte activation, dysregulation of melanogenesis signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and age-related decline in epidermal repair capacity. Clinically, lentigo senilis presents as flat, well-demarcated hyperpigmented macules on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Diagnosis is primarily established through clinical examination and dermoscopy to exclude malignant lesions with similar appearances. Management options include topical depigmenting agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy, laser-based therapies, and intense pulsed light, tailored to lesion characteristics and patient preferences. Preventive strategies emphasizing sun protection remain essential in reducing the incidence and progression of lentigo senilis.

Cedera Tusuk Jarum sebagai Bahaya Okupasional pada Tenaga Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit: Analisis Pola Kejadian, Determinan, dan Strategi Pencegahan: Needlestick Injury as an Occupational Hazard among Healthcare Workers in Hospitals: Analysis of Incidence Patterns, Determinants, and Prevention Strategies Erika Agustianti; Amanah Eva Fidusia; Luluk Hermawati; Siti Darifah; Yuda Nabella Prameswari; Firda Asma’ul Husna
Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Aufa Royhan Vol 11 No 1 (2026): Vol. 11 No. 1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Aufa Royhan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51933/health.v11i1.2590

Cedera tusuk jarum merupakan bahaya okupasional yang umum dihadapi tenaga kesehatan, terutama di rumah sakit, dan berpotensi menimbulkan infeksi penyakit menular seperti HIV dan hepatitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola kejadian, determinan risiko, dan strategi pencegahan cedera tusuk jarum pada tenaga kesehatan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah narrative review, dengan pencarian literatur melalui PubMed, Google Scholar, dan ScienceDirect menggunakan kata kunci "needlestick injury," "sharp injuries," "healthcare workers," dan "occupational hazard." Artikel yang diterbitkan antara 2015–2025 dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi diseleksi melalui judul, abstrak, dan teks lengkap, kemudian disintesis secara deskriptif-tematik ke dalam tiga kategori utama: pola kejadian, determinan risiko, dan strategi pencegahan. Hasil menunjukkan cedera tusuk jarum masih menjadi masalah signifikan, terutama pada tenaga kesehatan yang melakukan prosedur invasif, dengan faktor risiko meliputi pengalaman kerja terbatas, kurangnya pelatihan, dan pengelolaan limbah medis yang tidak sesuai prosedur. Pencegahan efektif memerlukan kebijakan keselamatan komprehensif, penggunaan alat medis berfitur pengaman, dan penguatan budaya keselamatan kerja. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan holistik yang mengintegrasikan kebijakan, teknologi, dan kepemimpinan untuk menurunkan insiden cedera tusuk jarum di rumah sakit.

Maternal Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Long-Term Effects on Offspring: A Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Perspective Nabila Aulia Tsaqifah; Rifdah Hanifah; Firda Asma'ul Husna; Mailani Dwi Hidayati; Dwi Widyawati; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Ainina Al Shadrina
Nusantara Medical Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Volume 10 Issue 2, July - December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/nmsj.v10i2.47907

Introduction: The global prevalence of obesity among women of reproductive age has increased markedly over the past two decades, reaching 24% in high-income and 16% in low- and middle-income countries. This trend contributes to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including a 2–4-fold higher risk of gestational diabetes, a threefold increase in preeclampsia, and up to a 50% higher caesarean delivery rate. Maternal metabolic disorders also have long-term consequences for offspring metabolic and cardiovascular health. Objective: To synthesize current biological and epidemiological evidence linking maternal metabolic status to offspring health within the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2015 to September 2025 using keywords related to maternal obesity, metabolic syndrome, DOHaD, offspring health, and epigenetics. Included studies comprised human and animal research with follow-up beyond two years, while case reports, editorials, and studies without long-term outcomes were excluded. Findings: From 22 eligible studies, consistent evidence indicates that maternal obesity and metabolic syndrome affect offspring through placental dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and epigenetic reprogramming. Offspring of obese mothers show a 1.5–2.8-fold increased risk of obesity and insulin resistance during adolescence and adulthood. Epigenome-wide analyses reveal altered methylation of genes regulating lipid metabolism (LEP, IGF2) and inflammatory pathways, supporting the DOHaD hypothesis. Conclusion: Maternal metabolic health critically shapes offspring developmental and metabolic outcomes. Preconception and antenatal interventions targeting metabolic optimization provide key opportunities to prevent intergenerational transmission of metabolic risk and promote healthier future generations.

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