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Migration of Blockchain Systems to Quantum Resistant Security ECDSA vs NIST MLDSA Santika Lya Diah Pramesti; Yul Ifda Tanjung; Azwani Aulia; Muhammad Rafly Ramadhan; Ikyboy Van Versie
Blockchain Frontier Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Blockchain Frontier Technology
Publisher : IAIC Bangun Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34306/bfront.v5i2.944

Abstract

The advent of cryptographically relevant quantum computers poses an existential threat to the security foundations of contemporary blockchain networks, which predominantly rely on the ECDSA for transaction authorization and identity management. Shor’s quantum algorithm can solve the underlying mathematical problems of ECDSA in polynomial time, rendering current ledgers vulnerable to catastrophic asset theft. This study aims to examine the implications of quantum computing on blockchain security by positioning ECDSA and ML-DSA as two generational digital signature standards within the evolving cryptographic landscape. The analysis is conducted through a standards-based comparative approach, focusing on the formal specifications and security objectives outlined in the U.S. NIST post-quantum cryptographic standard FIPS 204. The findings indicate that ECDSA and ML-DSA represent two critical generations of digital signature standards: ECDSA as the legacy cryptographic foundation for current blockchain ecosystems, and ML-DSA (formerly CRYSTALS-Dilithium) as the newly standardized, quantum-resistant successor mandated for future secure systems. This transition underscores the strategic importance of evaluating digital signature algorithms not only as cryptographic primitives but also as formal standards with far-reaching implications for public policy, regulatory compliance, and long-term protocol governance.
A Hypothetical Learning Trajectory Design for Social Arithmetic to Fostering Computational Thinking and Self-Regulated Learning Abilities Santika Lya Diah Pramesti; Scolastika Mariani; Putriaji Hendikawati; Kartono Kartono; Masrukan Masrukan
EDUKASIA Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran
Publisher : LP. Ma'arif Janggan Magetan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62775/edukasia.v6i2.1493

Abstract

This study aims to design a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) on the topic of social arithmetic to address learning obstacles related to students’ computational thinking (CT) and self-regulated learning (SRL) abilities. Employing an Educational Design Research (EDR) approach, the study developed the Missouri Mathematics Open-Ended Problem-Based Learning (MiMOPBL) model supported by an e-module based on the Predict–Observe–Explain (POE) strategy. The HLT integrates CT and SRL by guiding students through prediction, observation, and explanation stages while solving open-ended contextual problems. Validation results confirmed that the instructional tools—including lesson plans, student worksheets, e-modules, CT and SRL instruments—are both valid and reliable. Content validity assessed using Aiken’s V showed values ranging from 0.80 to 0.98, while reliability testing using Cronbach’s Alpha indicated high internal consistency (SRL: α = 0.85; CT: α = 0.89; observation sheet: α = 0.88). These results indicate that the tools are suitable for use in mathematics classrooms. Although limited to the design phase and one topic, the study offers a structured, competency-based learning design that supports student engagement, problem-solving skills, and independent learning. Future research should explore the effectiveness of this learning design across various topics and student groups.