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All Journal Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Jurnal Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Ma'ruf Akib
Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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The Legal Validity and Evidentiary Challenges of Unwritten Rental Agreements in Boarding Houses Firnawati; Ma'ruf Akib; Wahyudi Umar
Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Vol.10 No.2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam IAIN Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/ajmpi.v10i2.10840

Abstract

The widespread use of unwritten boarding house rental agreements among students generates a distinct form of legal vulnerability, not due to the absence of contractual validity, but as a result of weakened legal certainty and evidentiary fragility. This study employs a normative juridical method with statutory and analytical approaches to examine the legal validity and evidentiary implications of oral rental agreements under Indonesian civil law. The analysis demonstrates that unwritten rental agreements remain legally binding insofar as they satisfy the requirements of Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. However, the lack of written documentation significantly undermines effective legal protection when disputes arise. Consequently,non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms, as regulated under Law No. 30 of 1999, emerge as a more functional avenue for resolving disputes, albeit without fully addressing underlying structural imbalances in contractual relations. This study reconceptualizes unwritten boarding house rental agreements as normatively valid yet structurally vulnerable contracts, underscoring the need to strengthen legal certainty in informal contracting practices.
Control without Ownership: Nominee Agreements and the Restriction of Freehold Land Rights for Foreign Nationals in Indonesia Farida Paroto; Ma'ruf Akib; Ismi Fadjriah Hamzah
Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam IAIN Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/ajmpi.v11i2.11399

Abstract

This article examines the legal status, doctrinal coherence, and regulatory implications of nominee agreements used to facilitate foreign control over freehold land in Indonesia. Although Indonesian agrarian law formally prohibits foreign ownership of freehold title, nominee arrangements continue to operate through private contractual mechanisms that separate formal ownership from effective control. Using normative legal research grounded in statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches, this study analyzes the interaction between agrarian law, civil law doctrine, and regulatory policy. The findings demonstrate that nominee agreements occupy a structurally ambiguous position: while formally inconsistent with the prohibition regime and the social function principle of land, their persistence reflects deeper tensions between title-based formalism and the absence of a transparent beneficial ownership framework. The article argues that the endurance of nominee practices is not solely a consequence of weak enforcement, but of regulatory design limitations that fail to address sophisticated forms of legal circumvention. It concludes that reconstructing the regulatory approach, from an absolute prohibition model toward a transparency- and accountability-based framework, offers a more coherent strategy to reconcile agrarian sovereignty, legal certainty, and foreign investment dynamics. This reconstruction strengthens doctrinal integrity while enhancing regulatory effectiveness within Indonesia’s contemporary land law system.
Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Melalui Optimalisasi Pajak dan Retribusi di Kota Kendari Ma'ruf Akib; Wahyudi Umar; Marjani Marjani
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Al-Ahkam Volume 5 Nomor 2 September Tahun 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v5i2.2238

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) melalui optimalisasi pajak dan retribusi di Kota Kendari. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan PAD sebagai sumber pembiayaan pembangunan kota. Dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan pembangunan di era globalisasi ini, pendapatan daerah menjadi sangat penting untuk membiayai berbagai kegiatan pembangunan, baik itu dalam bidang infrastruktur, kesehatan, pendidikan, dan lainnya. Dengan adanya strategi optimalisasi pajak dan retribusi, diharapkan pendapatan daerah dapat meningkat dan mempercepat proses pembangunan kota. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) melalui optimalisasi pajak dan retribusi di Kota Kendari. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi kepada pemerintah Kota Kendari mengenai strategi optimalisasi pajak dan retribusi dalam meningkatkan PAD. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran dalam pengembangan teori dan praktik mengenai strategi peningkatan PAD di daerah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan dalam merumuskan kebijakan dan strategi di bidang pajak dan retribusi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan daerah serta mempercepat proses pembangunan kota.
Co-Authors Farida Paroto Firnawati Ismi Fadjriah Hamzah Marjani Marjani Wahyudi Umar