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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Kembara Alam, Alif
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Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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Enhancing Cold Flow Properties of Palm Biodiesel: Quantitative Comparison of Improvement Methods via Fatty Ester Isomerization and Bio-additive Introduction Indarto, Antonius; Surya Pradana, Yano; Kembara Alam, Alif; Makertihartha, I Gusti Bagus Ngurah; Prakoso, Tirto; Soerawidjaja, Tatang Hernas
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Accepted Articles
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61192

Abstract

Biodiesel is a cleaner and renewable combustion fuel that globally serves as an effective alternative to fossil diesel. The current application of this biofuel is still restricted to specific concentration due to its poor cold flow properties (CFPs). Nevertheless, some enhancement methods lead to deterioration of other properties, especially oxidation stability (OS). Later, isomerization process was offered to improve cold flow properties chemically with minimum impact on oxidation stability. In this study, palm-biodiesel isomerization was carried out atmospherically using SO4/SnO2 catalyst in the stirred batch reactor at temperature of 200oC, catalyst loading of 10 wt%, stirring speed of 900 rpm, and under N2 flow. The performance of catalyst and the effect of isomerization on CFPs and OS were investigated. For comparative study, the effect of bio-additive (turpentine oil and α-terpineol) introduction, at concentrations of 1, 3, 5 vol%, on CFPs and OS was also evaluated. The isomerization results demonstrated a conversion ratio of 29.0% and an isomerization selectivity of 69.7%. This reaction had a slight improving effect on both CFPs (ΔPP = ‒1oC; ΔCP = 0.5oC) and OS (ΔOS = 1.36 h). Furthermore, the best insertion of bio-additives demonstrated a more significant enhancement in CFPs (ΔPP = ‒1oC; ΔCP = ‒1.75oC). Nevertheless, it significantly reduced OS level (ΔOS = ‒11 h).
Co-Authors Indarto, Antonius Makertihartha, I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Surya Pradana, Yano Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tirto Prakoso