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All Journal Berkala Kedokteran MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal
Saraswati, Putu Ayu Indah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Relationship between Interleukin 6 and Estradiol Levels in Obese and Adult Men Dwipayana, I Made Pande; Semadi, I Made Siswadi; Nugraha, Ida Bagus Aditya; Gotera, Wira; Saraswati, Made Ratna; Suastika, Ketut; Saraswati, Putu Ayu Indah
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 21, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v21i2.24498

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by a pathophysiological process that causes an increase in adipose tissue mass, leading to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are many conditions that allow the interaction between environmental factors and genes that lead to various metabolic disease complications, such as diabetes mellitus and heart attack. Health workers are at the forefront of managing obesity and its associated complications. The study was conducted at Ngoerah Hospital from March to October 2024. The target population in this study were adult male medical personnel with and without obesity, working at Ngurah Hospital. The inclusion criteria in this study: male health workers in the environment at Ngoerah Hospital aged 18-45 years and willing to participate in the study by signing informed consent. Exclusion criteria in this study were all male health workers with infectious or inflammatory diseases, and or suffering from malignancies or a history of chemotherapy, and or with the use of hormonal therapy. The sample size of the study was 64 subjects. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, a normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, a comparison test using the Mann-Whitney U test, and a correlation test using the Spearman rank correlation. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Commission, approval number 1697/UN14.2.2.VII.14/LT/2024. The results of this study found that IL-6 and estradiol levels in the obese group were higher than the non-obese group, however, the differences were not statistically significant. This may be attributed to the relatively young age of the subjects and the absence of significant inflammation in the early stages of obesity. There was no significant correlation between IL-6 and estradiol in all subjects, obese and non-obese groups.
Differences Between Serum Total Testosterone Levels in Obese and Non-Obese Male Health Workers Saraswati, Putu Ayu Indah; Suastika, Ketut; Dwipayana, I Made Pande
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2026): Volume 6 Nomor 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v6i3.20851

Abstract

ABSTRACT Obesity is a metabolic condition that poses a global health challenge and is associated with various complications, including reduced testosterone levels. Low testosterone is a critical component in metabolic syndrome and hormonal dysfunction in men. This study aims to analyze the differences in total serum testosterone levels between obese and non-obese male healthcare workers and identify factors influencing low testosterone levels at Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar. This cross-sectional study involved 89 male healthcare workers grouped based on body mass index (BMI): obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) and non-obese (BMI 25 kg/m²). Total serum testosterone levels were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis included bivariate tests using Chi-Square and Fisher-Exact tests, followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine the relationship between obesity and low testosterone levels, adjusting for confounding factors such as age, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease. The mean total serum testosterone level was 528.74 ± 265.13 ng/dL. The prevalence of low testosterone was significantly higher in the obese group (82.6%) compared to the non-obese group (17.4%), with an odds ratio (OR) of 13.691 (p 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified obesity as an independent predictor of low testosterone, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 6.101 (95% CI: 1.531–24.307; p = 0.010). Age was also a significant factor, with participants aged ≥30 years having a higher risk of low testosterone compared to younger participants (AOR: 4.961; 95% CI: 1.118–22.004; p = 0.035). Type 2 diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with low testosterone levels (OR: 22.909; p 0.001) but was not significant in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.060). Obesity is a significant risk factor for low testosterone levels in male healthcare workers, with age being another key determinant. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and management of obesity to prevent hormonal dysfunction. Keywords: Obesity, Total Serum Testosterone, Male Healthcare Workers.
Co-Authors I Ketut Suastika I Made Pande Dwipayana I Made Siswadi Semadi Ida Bagus Aditya Nugraha MADE RATNA SARASWATI . Wira Gotera