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Ningrum, Andi Utari Prasetya
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Social Sciences

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Dose-dependent muscle relaxant activity of avocado leaf (Persea americana Mill.) extract: Central nervous system effects in mice and implications for phytopharmaceutical development Alsabianti, Nur Ahya; Nampe, Dian Febrianti Putri; Arianti, Ririn; Durratunnafisa, Ihda; Satria, Raasikhah Aadilah; Wahyuni, Resky; Azhara, Wa Ode Kezya; Nurjannah, Nurjannah; Jufri, Agniatul Azizah; Ningrum, Andi Utari Prasetya
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 12 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v5i12.1310

Abstract

Avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) contain flavonoids, saponins, and phenols, which are thought to exert muscle-relaxing effects through central nervous system depressant mechanisms. This study investigated the muscle-relaxing effects of avocado leaf extract (Persea americana) in male mice. Nine male mice were divided into three groups and administered 1%, 2%, and 4% avocado leaf infusions orally. Motor activity and reflex responses were observed every 15 min until the 100th min to assess muscle relaxation effects. The results showed that the muscle-relaxation effect increased with increasing extract concentration, at 15.55%, 34.44%, and 42.22%, respectively. Flavonoids and saponins are thought to play a role in increasing GABA activity, which reduces muscle tone. Avocado leaf extract showed muscle relaxation effects that increased with dose and has the potential to be a natural muscle relaxant through GABA activation.
Luaran Klinis Pasien Covid-19 Yang Menerima Remdesivir Berdasarkan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Ningrum, Andi Utari Prasetya; Fadilah, Nurul Amalia; Zulkifli; Rasyid, Andi Ulfah Magefirah; Usman, Fityatun; Nurfadilah; Hardiyanti, Widya
Media Farmasi Vol 22 No 1 (2026): Media Farmasi Edisi April 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mf.v22i1.1568

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a global concern even though the international emergency status has been lifted. The resurgence of cases in several regions and the emergence of new variants indicate that this disease still has the potential to cause another wave of infections. This study aims to determine the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes in patients receiving remdesivir therapy. This study aims to determine the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes in patients receiving remdesivir therapy. This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from medical records of hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir therapy. Clinical outcomes were determined by assessing the improvement in the patient's clinical condition, length of hospitalization, and mortality in patients. Analysis was performed using the chi-square test to examine the relationship between severity and clinical outcomes. The results showed that patients with mild and moderate severity had a higher rate of clinical improvement than severe/critical patients (100%, 94.9% vs 59.4%; p<0.001). Length of hospitalization was also shorter in mild and moderate patients compared to severe/critical, with the proportion of stays ≤14 days of 100%, 92.4%, and 69.5%, respectively (p<0.001). In addition, the mortality rate was higher in severe/critical patients at 41.6%, while in mild and moderate patients the proportion of patients who did not experience death was higher (100% and 96.6%; p<0.001). This study concluded that disease severity was closely related to the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir therapy, where the effectiveness of therapy was higher in patients with mild to moderate conditions.
Co-Authors Alsabianti, Nur Ahya Azhara, Wa Ode Kezya Durratunnafisa, Ihda Fadilah, Nurul Amalia Hardiyanti, Widya Jufri, Agniatul Azizah Nampe, Dian Febrianti Putri Nurfadilah Nurjannah Nurjannah Rasyid, Andi Ulfah Magefirah Ririn Arianti, Ririn Satria, Raasikhah Aadilah Usman, Fityatun Wahyuni, Resky Zulkifli