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All Journal International Journal of Social Science Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Advances In Social Humanities Research
Dolli Hutabarat, Harri
Universitas Pertahanan RI
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Contested Maritime Spaces in the Middle East: Geopolitical Dynamics, Non-State Actors, and Security Challenges in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz Ridha Munawir Masly Pandoe; Rachmat Setiawibawa; Harri Dolli Hutabarat; Guntur Eko Saputro; Lukman Yudho Prakoso
Advances In Social Humanities Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Advances In Social Humanities Research
Publisher : Sahabat Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/adv.v4i1.538

Abstract

In recent years, these routes have been exposed to multifaceted and hybrid security threats—including missile and drone attacks, deployment of unmanned maritime systems, cyber intrusions, the rise of piracy, and proxy wars waged by non-state actors backed by regional powers. Such developments significantly increase the vulnerability of maritime traffic and pose serious risks to international economic stability and energy security. The study examines how contemporary geopolitical dynamics are shaping maritime security challenges in the Middle East by analyzing recent security incidents, regional power competitions, and the evolving role of international navies operating in the region. Using a qualitative geopolitical security approach, the study draws on policy documents, security reports, and incident analyses to identify the key drivers of maritime insecurity. These findings suggest that maritime instability in the Middle East is driven by the convergence of unresolved regional conflicts, the adoption of asymmetric warfare strategies, and the increasing involvement of external forces seeking to protect strategic interests. This combination has complicated traditional maritime security frameworks and weakened unilateral security measures. Therefore, the study underscores the urgent need for coordinated multilateral maritime governance, enhanced information sharing, and collective security mechanisms to ensure the protection of critical sea lanes and the long-term stability of the regional and global maritime domains.
Maritime Security in an Era of Geopolitical Rivalry: Strategic Implications of Great Power Competition in Indo-Pacific Sea Lanes Ridha Munawir Masly Pandoe; Rachmat Setiawibawa; Harri Dolli Hutabarat; Guntur Eko Saputro; Lukman Yudho Prakoso
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v7i2.2220

Abstract

The escalating geopolitical rivalry between major powers, particularly the United States and China, has profoundly reshaped the maritime security landscape of the Indo-Pacific region. Strategic sea lanes, such as the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea, have become central arenas for this competition, creating a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment with direct implications for regional stability. This study analyzes the impact of this great power competition on Indonesia's maritime security and formulates an optimal national strategy. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes a SWOT analysis strengthened by Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS) matrices. The findings reveal that Indonesia is positioned in Quadrant I of the SWOT matrix, indicating significant internal strengths and substantial external opportunities. Consequently, a Strength-Opportunity (SO) strategy emerges as the most optimal choice. This strategy advocates for Indonesia to leverage its geostrategic position and diplomatic capital to lead regional cooperation, enhance maritime domain awareness through technology, and pursue adaptive defense diplomacy, thereby maintaining the stability of strategic sea lanes amidst great power rivalry.
Reintegration As A Pillar Of National Resilience: Failed Reintegration As A Strategic Vulnerability Exploited By Non-Traditional Security Threats In Post-Conflict Aceh Satya Adhie Wibowo; Septiar Dwi Putra; Nefra Firdaus; Harri Dolli Hutabarat; Arifuddin Uksan
International Journal of Social Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Agustus 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/ijss.v6i2.13126

Abstract

Twenty-one years after the Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding, Aceh is routinely presented as one of Southeast Asia's most successful cases of conflict resolution. That reputation, however, rests largely on the completion of disarmament and demobilisation, while the reintegration phase remains structurally unfinished. This article argues that failed reintegration should be conceptualised not as a residual welfare problem but as a strategic vulnerability that non-traditional security actors can exploit. Employing an interpretive case study design operationalised through framework-guided document analysis, the study integrates three analytical lenses: the international DDR framework, Indonesia's national resilience doctrine (Astagatra), and defence management standards, particularly the threat–vulnerability–consequence risk model. Four vulnerability clusters are identified: fiscal-economic failure marked by elite capture and an unresolved beneficiary data deficit; exploitation by transnational criminal networks operating along the Malacca Strait corridor; intergenerational transmission of conflict memory in the absence of completed transitional justice; and political-structural uncertainty arising from the scheduled expiry of Aceh's special autonomy fund in 2027. The analysis suggests that the Aceh case extends the remobilisation literature, and the emerging research on criminal recidivism among ex-combatants, in a direction those literatures have not yet examined: economically remarginalised ex-combatants are absorbed into transnational criminal economies that require no successor armed organisation, a trajectory that conventional DDR success metrics fail to register because it produces no armed conflict data. The article develops an indicative risk matrix ranking the four clusters and derives six cross-institutional early warning indicators. It concludes that reintegration policy functions as an instrument of vulnerability reduction, analytically equivalent in importance to enforcement action against threat actors themselves
Co-Authors Arifuddin Uksan Guntur Eko Saputro Guntur Eko Saputro Nefra Firdaus Prakoso, Lukman Yudho Rachmat Setiawibawa Rachmat Setiawibawa Ridha Munawir Masly Pandoe Ridha Munawir Masly Pandoe Satya Adhie Wibowo Septiar Dwi Putra